### Don't use the chat for questions

Keep in mind that as chats allow more "free conversation", it's easy to ask questions that are too general and more difficult to answer, so, you might not receive answers.

    file = UploadFile(filename="file", file=stream, size=4)
    assert await file.read() == b"data"
    assert file.size == 4
    await file.write(b" and more data!")
    assert await file.read() == b""
    assert file.size == 19
    await file.seek(0)
    assert await file.read() == b"data and more data!"

                """
            ),
            deprecated(
                """
                "openapi_prefix" has been deprecated in favor of "root_path", which
                follows more closely the ASGI standard, is simpler, and more
                automatic.
                """
            ),
        ] = "",
        root_path: Annotated[
            str,
            Doc(
                """

# Static Files - `StaticFiles`

You can use the `StaticFiles` class to serve static files, like JavaScript, CSS, images, etc.

Read more about it in the [FastAPI docs for Static Files](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/static-files/).

You can import it directly from `fastapi.staticfiles`:

```python
from fastapi.staticfiles import StaticFiles
```

# Extra Models

Continuing with the previous example, it will be common to have more than one related model.

This is especially the case for user models, because:

* The **input model** needs to be able to have a password.
* The **output model** should not have a password.
* The **database model** would probably need to have a hashed password.

!!! danger
    Never store user's plaintext passwords. Always store a "secure hash" that you can then verify.

    If you need something easy to integrate with FastAPI but that is more robust, supported by Redis, PostgreSQL or others, check <a href="https://github.com/encode/broadcaster" class="external-link" target="_blank">encode/broadcaster</a>.

## More info

To learn more about the options, check Starlette's documentation for:

Because `Annotated` can have more than one metadata annotation, you could now even use the same function with other tools, like <a href="https://typer.tiangolo.com/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Typer</a>. 🚀

## Add more validations

You can also add a parameter `min_length`:

=== "Python 3.10+"

    ```Python hl_lines="10"

Com essas ferramentas e informações, continue com a próxima seção para combinar tudo.

## _Cluster_ de Docker Swarm Mode com Traefik e HTTPS

Você pode ter um _cluster_ de Docker Swarm Mode configurado em minutos (cerca de 20) com o Traefik controlando HTTPS (incluindo aquisição e renovação de certificados).

### ⚙️ Pydantic `orm_mode`

🔜, Pydantic *🏷* 👂, `Item` & `User`, 🚮 🔗 `Config` 🎓.

👉 <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/api/config/" class="external-link" target="_blank">`Config`</a> 🎓 ⚙️ 🚚 📳 Pydantic.

`Config` 🎓, ⚒ 🔢 `orm_mode = True`.

=== "🐍 3️⃣.6️⃣ &amp; 🔛"

    ```Python hl_lines="15  19-20  31  36-37"

    Temporarily adopting this point of view (of the *external developer*) can help you feel like it's more obvious where to put the parameters, the Pydantic model for the body, for the response, etc. for that *external API*.

### Create a callback `APIRouter`

First create a new `APIRouter` that will contain one or more callbacks.

```Python hl_lines="3  25"
{!../../../docs_src/openapi_callbacks/tutorial001.py!}
```