@app.get("/items/")
async def read_items(
    q: Annotated[Union[str, None], Query(title="Query string", min_length=3)] = None,
):
    results = {"items": [{"item_id": "Foo"}, {"item_id": "Bar"}]}
    if q:
        results.update({"q": q})

                                    }
                                }
                            },
                        },
                    },
                    "summary": "Update Item",
                    "operationId": "update_item_items__item_id__put",
                    "parameters": [
                        {
                            "required": True,
                            "schema": {

    to_encode = data.copy()
    if expires_delta:
        expire = datetime.now(timezone.utc) + expires_delta
    else:
        expire = datetime.now(timezone.utc) + timedelta(minutes=15)
    to_encode.update({"exp": expire})
    encoded_jwt = jwt.encode(to_encode, SECRET_KEY, algorithm=ALGORITHM)
    return encoded_jwt


async def get_current_user(
    security_scopes: SecurityScopes, token: str = Depends(oauth2_scheme)

    to_encode = data.copy()
    if expires_delta:
        expire = datetime.now(timezone.utc) + expires_delta
    else:
        expire = datetime.now(timezone.utc) + timedelta(minutes=15)
    to_encode.update({"exp": expire})
    encoded_jwt = jwt.encode(to_encode, SECRET_KEY, algorithm=ALGORITHM)
    return encoded_jwt


async def get_current_user(

    ```Python hl_lines="34"
    {!> ../../../docs_src/body_updates/tutorial002.py!}
    ```

=== "🐍 3️⃣.9️⃣ & 🔛"

    ```Python hl_lines="34"
    {!> ../../../docs_src/body_updates/tutorial002_py39.py!}
    ```

=== "🐍 3️⃣.1️⃣0️⃣ & 🔛"

    ```Python hl_lines="32"
    {!> ../../../docs_src/body_updates/tutorial002_py310.py!}
    ```

### ⚙️ Pydantic `update` 🔢

    - tutorial/request-files.md
    - tutorial/request-forms-and-files.md
    - tutorial/handling-errors.md
    - tutorial/path-operation-configuration.md
    - tutorial/encoder.md
    - tutorial/body-updates.md
    - Dependencies:
      - tutorial/dependencies/index.md
      - tutorial/dependencies/classes-as-dependencies.md
      - tutorial/dependencies/sub-dependencies.md

        class Item(BaseModel):
            name: str
            description: str | None = None

        app = FastAPI()

        @app.patch("/items/")
        def update_item(item: Item):
            return {"message": "Item updated in place"}
        ```
        """
        return self.router.patch(
            path,
            response_model=response_model,
            status_code=status_code,

## Reduce duplication

Reducing code duplication is one of the core ideas in **FastAPI**.

As code duplication increments the chances of bugs, security issues, code desynchronization issues (when you update in one place but not in the others), etc.

And these models are all sharing a lot of the data and duplicating attribute names and types.

We could do better.

```Python hl_lines="34"
{!../../../docs_src/body_updates/tutorial002.py!}
```

### Pydanticの`update`パラメータ

ここで、`.copy()`を用いて既存のモデルのコピーを作成し、`update`パラメータに更新するデータを含む`dict`を渡すことができます。

`stored_item_model.copy(update=update_data)`のように:

```Python hl_lines="35"
{!../../../docs_src/body_updates/tutorial002.py!}
```

### 部分的更新のまとめ

まとめると、部分的な更新を適用するには、次のようにします:

    return {"Hello": "World"}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
def read_item(item_id: int, q: Union[str, None] = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
def update_item(item_id: int, item: Item):
    return {"item_name": item.name, "item_id": item_id}
```

O servidor deverá recarregar automaticamente (porquê você adicionou `--reload` ao comando `uvicorn` acima).