}

  /**
   * Reads all bytes from a URL into a byte array.
   *
   * @param url the URL to read from
   * @return a byte array containing all the bytes from the URL
   * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
   */
  public static byte[] toByteArray(URL url) throws IOException {
    return asByteSource(url).read();
  }

  /**
   * Reads all characters from a URL into a {@link String}, using the given character set.

   * environment? If the latter, maybe write a custom Executor that avoids failing the test when it
   * sees an Error?
   */
  @AndroidIncompatible
  public void testTaskThrowsError() throws Exception {
    class MyError extends Error {}
    final CyclicBarrier barrier = new CyclicBarrier(2);
    // we need to make sure the error gets thrown on a different thread.
    ExecutorService service = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
    try {

   *
   * <p>This is guaranteed to return zero if the dataset contains only exactly one finite value. It
   * is not guaranteed to return zero when the dataset consists of the same value multiple times,
   * due to numerical errors. However, it is guaranteed never to return a negative result.
   *
   * <h3>Non-finite values</h3>
   *
   * <p>If the dataset contains any non-finite values ({@link Double#POSITIVE_INFINITY}, {@link

    assertEquals(0, stats.loadSuccessCount());
    assertEquals(1, stats.loadExceptionCount());
    assertEquals(0, stats.hitCount());
  }

  public void testLoadError() throws ExecutionException {
    Error e = new Error();
    CacheLoader<Object, Object> loader = errorLoader(e);
    LoadingCache<Object, Object> cache = CacheBuilder.newBuilder().recordStats().build(loader);
    CacheStats stats = cache.stats();

import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
import javax.annotation.CheckForNull;
import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.Nullable;

/** A utility method to perform unchecked casts to suppress errors produced by nullness analyses. */
@GwtCompatible
@ElementTypesAreNonnullByDefault
final class NullnessCasts {
  /**
   * Accepts a {@code @Nullable T} and returns a plain {@code T}, without performing any check that

      throw new IllegalArgumentException(name + " must be positive but was: " + value);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Precondition tester for {@code Iterator.remove()} that throws an exception with a consistent
   * error message.
   */
  static void checkRemove(boolean canRemove) {
    checkState(canRemove, "no calls to next() since the last call to remove()");
  }

      throw new IllegalArgumentException(name + " must be positive but was: " + value);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Precondition tester for {@code Iterator.remove()} that throws an exception with a consistent
   * error message.
   */
  static void checkRemove(boolean canRemove) {
    checkState(canRemove, "no calls to next() since the last call to remove()");
  }

    } catch (Exception e) { // sneaky checked exception
      // Log it and keep going -- bad runnable and/or executor. Don't punish the other runnables if
      // we're given a bad one. We only catch Exception because we want Errors to propagate up.
      log.get()
          .log(
              Level.SEVERE,
              "RuntimeException while executing runnable "
                  + runnable
                  + " with executor "

    // Number value = optionalInt.or(0.5); // error
  }

  @SuppressWarnings("unused") // compilation test
  public void testSampleCodeError2() {
    FluentIterable<? extends Number> numbers = getSomeNumbers();
    Optional<? extends Number> first = numbers.first();
    // Number value = first.or(0.5); // error
  }

  @SuppressWarnings("unused") // compilation test

   *
   * <ul>
   *   <li>{@linkplain LoadingCache#get(Object) awaiting the result of a pending load} rather than
   *       starting a redundant one
   *   <li>eliminating the error-prone caching boilerplate
   *   <li>tracking load {@linkplain #stats statistics}
   * </ul>
   *
   * <p>Among the further improvements that {@code LoadingCache} can provide but this method cannot:
   *
   * <ul>