* rate limiter will release one permit every {@code (1.0 / permitsPerSecond)} seconds. When the
   * rate limiter is unused, bursts of up to {@code permitsPerSecond} permits will be allowed, with
   * subsequent requests being smoothly limited at the stable rate of {@code permitsPerSecond}.
   *
   * @param permitsPerSecond the rate of the returned {@code RateLimiter}, measured in how many

 * comparator utilities, see either {@code Comparator} itself (for Java 8+), or {@code
 * com.google.common.collect.Ordering} (otherwise).
 *
 * <h3>Relationship to {@code Ordering}</h3>
 *
 * <p>In light of the significant enhancements to {@code Comparator} in Java 8, the overwhelming
 * majority of usages of {@code Ordering} can be written using only built-in JDK APIs. This class is

 *
 * <p>As this interface extends {@code java.util.function.Predicate}, an instance of this type may
 * be used as a {@code Predicate} directly. To use a {@code java.util.function.Predicate} where a
 * {@code com.google.common.base.Predicate} is expected, use the method reference {@code
 * predicate::test}.
 *
 * <p>This interface is now a legacy type. Use {@code java.util.function.Predicate} (or the

   * String.class}, then {@code new TypeResolver().where(formal, actual)} will {@linkplain
   * #resolveType resolve} {@code ParameterizedType List<T>} to {@code List<String>}, and resolve
   * {@code Map<T, Something>} to {@code Map<String, Something>} etc. Similarly, {@code formal} and
   * {@code actual} can be {@code Map<K, V>} and {@code Map<String, Integer>} respectively, or they

 *
 *   {@code @Override}{@code
 *   public int compareTo(Foo that) {
 *     return COMPARATOR.compare(this, that);
 *   }
 * }</pre>
 *
 * <p>With method references it is more succinct: {@code comparing(Foo::aString)} for example.
 *
 * <p>Using {@link Comparator} avoids certain types of bugs, for example when you meant to write

  /**
   * Computes or retrieves the value corresponding to {@code key}.
   *
   * @param key the non-null key whose value should be loaded
   * @return the value associated with {@code key}; <b>must not be null</b>
   * @throws Exception if unable to load the result
   * @throws InterruptedException if this method is interrupted. {@code InterruptedException} is
   *     treated like any other {@code Exception} in all respects except that, when it is caught,

   * such index exists. Equivalent to {@code asList().lastIndexOf(target)}.
   */
  public int lastIndexOf(int target) {
    for (int i = end - 1; i >= start; i--) {
      if (array[i] == target) {
        return i - start;
      }
    }
    return -1;
  }

  /**

   *
   * <ul>
   *   <li>{@code getStackTrace} takes {@code stackSize} time to return but then negligible time to
   *       retrieve each element of the returned list.
   *   <li>{@code lazyStackTrace} takes negligible time to return but then {@code 1/stackSize} time
   *       to retrieve each element of the returned list (probably slightly more than {@code
   *       1/stackSize}).
   * </ul>
   *

   *
   * <ul>
   *   <li>{@code getStackTrace} takes {@code stackSize} time to return but then negligible time to
   *       retrieve each element of the returned list.
   *   <li>{@code lazyStackTrace} takes negligible time to return but then {@code 1/stackSize} time
   *       to retrieve each element of the returned list (probably slightly more than {@code
   *       1/stackSize}).
   * </ul>
   *

 *
 * <p>The size of the data structure used by {@link ArrayBasedUnicodeEscaper} is proportional to the
 * highest valued code point that requires escaping. For example a replacement map containing the
 * single character '{@code \}{@code u1000}' will require approximately 16K of memory. If you need
 * to create multiple escaper instances that have the same character replacement mapping consider