} else if k != "" {
			settings[k] = k
		}
	}

	return settings
}

func toColumns(val string) (results []string) {
	if val != "" {
		for _, v := range strings.Split(val, ",") {
			results = append(results, strings.TrimSpace(v))
		}
	}
	return
}

func removeSettingFromTag(tag reflect.StructTag, names ...string) reflect.StructTag {
	for _, name := range names {

package clause

// Select select attrs when querying, updating, creating
type Select struct {
	Distinct   bool
	Columns    []Column
	Expression Expression
}

func (s Select) Name() string {
	return "SELECT"
}

func (s Select) Build(builder Builder) {
	if len(s.Columns) > 0 {
		if s.Distinct {
			builder.WriteString("DISTINCT ")
		}

		for idx, column := range s.Columns {
			if idx > 0 {
				builder.WriteByte(',')

import (
	"reflect"
	"sync"
	"testing"

	"gorm.io/gorm"
	"gorm.io/gorm/schema"
)

type UserWithCallback struct{}

func (UserWithCallback) BeforeSave(*gorm.DB) error {
	return nil
}

func (UserWithCallback) AfterCreate(*gorm.DB) error {
	return nil
}

func TestCallback(t *testing.T) {
	user, err := schema.Parse(&UserWithCallback{}, &sync.Map{}, schema.NamingStrategy{})
	if err != nil {

				sort.Slice(idx.Fields, func(i, j int) bool {
					return idx.Fields[i].priority < idx.Fields[j].priority
				})

				indexes[index.Name] = idx
			}
		}
	}
	for _, index := range indexes {
		if index.Class == "UNIQUE" && len(index.Fields) == 1 {
			index.Fields[0].Field.UniqueIndex = index.Name
		}
	}
	return indexes
}

func (schema *Schema) LookIndex(name string) *Index {

package callbacks

import (
	"reflect"

	"gorm.io/gorm"
)

func callMethod(db *gorm.DB, fc func(value interface{}, tx *gorm.DB) bool) {
	tx := db.Session(&gorm.Session{NewDB: true})
	if called := fc(db.Statement.ReflectValue.Interface(), tx); !called {
		switch db.Statement.ReflectValue.Kind() {
		case reflect.Slice, reflect.Array:
			db.Statement.CurDestIndex = 0
			for i := 0; i < db.Statement.ReflectValue.Len(); i++ {

package clause_test

import (
	"fmt"
	"testing"

	"gorm.io/gorm/clause"
)

func TestGroupBy(t *testing.T) {
	results := []struct {
		Clauses []clause.Interface
		Result  string
		Vars    []interface{}
	}{
		{
			[]clause.Interface{clause.Select{}, clause.From{}, clause.GroupBy{
				Columns: []clause.Column{{Name: "role"}},
				Having:  []clause.Expression{clause.Eq{"role", "admin"}},
			}},

package tests_test

import (
	"testing"

	. "gorm.io/gorm/utils/tests"
)

func TestHasOneAssociation(t *testing.T) {
	user := *GetUser("hasone", Config{Account: true})

	if err := DB.Create(&user).Error; err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("errors happened when create: %v", err)
	}

	CheckUser(t, user, user)

	// Find
	var user2 User
	DB.Find(&user2, "id = ?", user.ID)
	DB.Model(&user2).Association("Account").Find(&user2.Account)

package clause_test

import (
	"fmt"
	"testing"

	"gorm.io/gorm/clause"
)

func TestFrom(t *testing.T) {
	results := []struct {
		Clauses []clause.Interface
		Result  string
		Vars    []interface{}
	}{
		{
			[]clause.Interface{clause.Select{}, clause.From{}},
			"SELECT * FROM `users`", nil,
		},
		{
			[]clause.Interface{
				clause.Select{}, clause.From{
					Tables: []clause.Table{{Name: "users"}},

	"sort"
	"strings"
	"testing"

	"gorm.io/gorm"
	. "gorm.io/gorm/utils/tests"
)

type PersonAddressInfo struct {
	Person  *Person  `gorm:"embedded"`
	Address *Address `gorm:"embedded"`
}

func TestScan(t *testing.T) {
	user1 := User{Name: "ScanUser1", Age: 1}
	user2 := User{Name: "ScanUser2", Age: 10}
	user3 := User{Name: "ScanUser3", Age: 20}
	DB.Save(&user1).Save(&user2).Save(&user3)

	type result struct {

				{Field: &schema.Field{Name: "FieldH1", Unique: true}},
				{Field: &schema.Field{Name: "FieldH2"}},
			},
		},
	}, indices)
}

func CheckIndices(t *testing.T, expected, actual map[string]schema.Index) {
	for k, ei := range expected {
		t.Run(k, func(t *testing.T) {
			ai, ok := actual[k]
			if !ok {
				t.Errorf("expected index %q but actual missing", k)
				return
			}