# Background Tasks - `BackgroundTasks`

You can declare a parameter in a *path operation function* or dependency function with the type `BackgroundTasks`, and then you can use it to schedule the execution of background tasks after the response is sent.

You can import it directly from `fastapi`:

```python
from fastapi import BackgroundTasks
```

### OpenAPI

**FastAPI** generates a "schema" with all your API using the **OpenAPI** standard for defining APIs.

#### "Schema"

A "schema" is a definition or description of something. Not the code that implements it, but just an abstract description.

#### API "schema"

    ```

    </div>

=== "Windows PowerShell"

    <div class="termy">

    ```console
    $ .\env\Scripts\Activate.ps1
    ```

    </div>

=== "Windows Bash"

    Or if you use Bash for Windows (e.g. <a href="https://gitforwindows.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Git Bash</a>):

    <div class="termy">

    ```console
    $ source ./env/Scripts/activate
    ```

# Path Parameters

You can declare path "parameters" or "variables" with the same syntax used by Python format strings:

```Python hl_lines="6-7"
{!../../../docs_src/path_params/tutorial001.py!}
```

The value of the path parameter `item_id` will be passed to your function as the argument `item_id`.

**FastAPI** has a great community constantly growing.

There are many posts, articles, tools, and projects, related to **FastAPI**.

Here's an incomplete list of some of them.

!!! tip
    If you have an article, project, tool, or anything related to **FastAPI** that is not yet listed here, create a <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/edit/master/docs/en/data/external_links.yml" class="external-link" target="_blank">Pull Request adding it</a>.

Alternatively, if you don't have a way to provide a command line option like `--root-path` or equivalent, you can set the `root_path` parameter when creating your FastAPI app:

```Python hl_lines="3"
{!../../../docs_src/behind_a_proxy/tutorial002.py!}
```

Passing the `root_path` to `FastAPI` would be the equivalent of passing the `--root-path` command line option to Uvicorn or Hypercorn.

### About `root_path`

First, we create a new database session with the new database.

We'll use an in-memory database that persists during the tests instead of the local file `sql_app.db`.

But the rest of the session code is more or less the same, we just copy it.

```Python hl_lines="8-13"
{!../../../docs_src/sql_databases/sql_app/tests/test_sql_app.py!}
```

!!! tip

    * With <a href="https://github.com/ciscorn/starlette-graphene3" class="external-link" target="_blank">starlette-graphene3</a>

## GraphQL with Strawberry

### Custom Generate Unique ID Function

FastAPI uses a **unique ID** for each *path operation*, it is used for the **operation ID** and also for the names of any needed custom models, for requests or responses.

You can customize that function. It takes an `APIRoute` and outputs a string.

For example, here it is using the first tag (you will probably have only one tag) and the *path operation* name (the function name).

    ```Python hl_lines="1"
    {!> ../../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial009_py310.py!}
    ```

#### Generic типи

Ці типи, які приймають параметри типу у квадратних дужках, називаються **Generic types** or **Generics**, наприклад:

=== "Python 3.8 і вище"

    * `List`
    * `Tuple`
    * `Set`
    * `Dict`
    * `Union`
    * `Optional`
    * ...та інші.

=== "Python 3.9 і вище"