properties.put("sun.stdout.encoding", getDefaultCharacterEncoding());
            properties.put("sun.stderr.encoding", getDefaultCharacterEncoding());
        } else if (getJavaVersionFromJavaHome().isCompatibleWith(JavaVersion.VERSION_19)) {
            properties.put("stdout.encoding", getDefaultCharacterEncoding());
            properties.put("stderr.encoding", getDefaultCharacterEncoding());
        }

            <activation>
                <activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
            </activation>
            <properties>
                <some.group>group-one</some.group>
                <some.artifact>artifact-one</some.artifact>
                <some.version>version-one</some.version>
            </properties>
        </profile>
    </profiles>
</project>
"""

        when:
        parsePom()

        then:

Gradle does this by loading the properties files and only considering the individual properties during up-to-date checks or build cache key calculations.

It is sometimes the case, though, that certain properties have a runtime impact, while others do not.

It works for properties that are publicly seen as `final` (without a setter) and have type `Property` or `ConfigurableFileCollection`.
Since properties have to be `final`, our general recommendation is not to implement custom setters for properties with lazy types and, if possible, implement such properties via an abstract getter.

    }

    // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Properties handling
    // ----------------------------------------------------------------------

    static void populateProperties(
            CommandLine commandLine, Properties paths, Properties systemProperties, Properties userProperties)
            throws Exception {
        EnvironmentUtils.addEnvVars(systemProperties);

=== Fine-grained tracking of Gradle properties as build configuration inputs

Currently, all external sources of Gradle properties (`gradle.properties` in project directories and in the `<<directory_layout.adoc#dir:gradle_user_home,GRADLE_USER_HOME>>`, environment variables and system properties that set properties, and properties specified with

 * <code>rootProject</code> property.  The properties of this scope are readable or writable depending on the presence
 * of the corresponding getter or setter method.</li>
 *
 * <li>The extra properties of the project.  Each project maintains a map of extra properties, which
 * can contain any arbitrary name -&gt; value pair.  Once defined, the properties of this scope are readable and writable.

          "type": "array",
          "items": { "type": "string", "default": "" }
        },
        "x-kubernetes-list-type": {

          ],
          "unit": "bytes"
        },
        "overrides": [
          {
            "matcher": {
              "id": "byName",
              "options": "Free"
            },
            "properties": [
              {
                "id": "color",
                "value": {
                  "fixedColor": "green",
                  "mode": "fixed"
                }
              }
            ]

        return "Ivy file";
    }

    private Map<String, String> populateProperties() {
        HashMap<String, String> properties = new HashMap<>();
        String baseDir = new File(".").getAbsolutePath();
        properties.put("ivy.default.settings.dir", baseDir);
        properties.put("ivy.basedir", baseDir);