Copyright (c) 2012 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
Copyright (c) 2019 Klaus Post. All rights reserved.

Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
met:

   * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
   * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above

!!! tip
    We only need to create one `PeeweeGetterDict` class, and we can use it in all the Pydantic *models* / schemas.

## CRUD utils

Now let's see the file `sql_app/crud.py`.

### Create all the CRUD utils

Create all the same CRUD utils as in the SQLAlchemy tutorial, all the code is very similar:

```Python hl_lines="1  4-5  8-9  12-13  16-20  23-24  27-30"

    }
  }

  /**
   * Returns {@code true} if the collection {@code self} contains all of the elements in the
   * collection {@code c}.
   *
   * <p>This method iterates over the specified collection {@code c}, checking each element returned
   * by the iterator in turn to see if it is contained in the specified collection {@code self}. If
   * all elements are so contained, {@code true} is returned, otherwise {@code false}.
   *

included without limitation in the term "modification".)

  "Source code" for a work means the preferred form of the work for
making modifications to it.  For a library, complete source code means
all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any associated
interface definition files, plus the scripts used to control compilation
and installation of the library.

* `/items/`
* `/items/{item_id}`

It's all the same structure as with `app/routers/users.py`.

But we want to be smarter and simplify the code a bit.

We know all the *path operations* in this module have the same:

* Path `prefix`: `/items`.
* `tags`: (just one tag: `items`).
* Extra `responses`.
* `dependencies`: they all need that `X-Token` dependency we created.

- Delete one/some master keys. From a security standpoint, this is equal to erasing all SSE-S3 encrypted objects protected by these master keys. All these objects are lost forever as they cannot be decrypted. Especially deleting all master keys at the KMS is equivalent to secure erasing all SSE-S3 encrypted objects.

      return of();
    } else if (range.equals(Range.all())) {
      return all();
    } else {
      return new ImmutableRangeSet<>(ImmutableList.of(range));
    }
  }

  /** Returns an immutable range set containing the single range {@link Range#all()}. */
  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
  static <C extends Comparable> ImmutableRangeSet<C> all() {
    return (ImmutableRangeSet<C>) ALL;
  }

      return of();
    } else if (range.equals(Range.all())) {
      return all();
    } else {
      return new ImmutableRangeSet<>(ImmutableList.of(range));
    }
  }

  /** Returns an immutable range set containing the single range {@link Range#all()}. */
  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
  static <C extends Comparable> ImmutableRangeSet<C> all() {
    return (ImmutableRangeSet<C>) ALL;
  }

    This is a special class that you can define in a parameter in a dependency to
    obtain the OAuth2 scopes required by all the dependencies in the same chain.

    This way, multiple dependencies can have different scopes, even when used in the
    same *path operation*. And with this, you can access all the scopes required in
    all those dependencies in a single place.

    Read more about it in the

      b) its license agreement:

i) effectively disclaims on behalf of all Contributors all warranties and
conditions, express and implied, including warranties or conditions of title
and non-infringement, and implied warranties or conditions of merchantability
and fitness for a particular purpose;

ii) effectively excludes on behalf of all Contributors all liability for damages,