```

!!! note "Technische Details"
    Sie können auch `from starlette.requests import Request` und `from starlette.responses import JSONResponse` verwenden.

    **FastAPI** bietet dieselben `starlette.responses` auch via `fastapi.responses` an, als Annehmlichkeit für Sie, den Entwickler. Die meisten verfügbaren Responses kommen aber direkt von Starlette. Das Gleiche gilt für `Request`.

## Die Default-Exceptionhandler überschreiben

    if isinstance(route.response_class, DefaultPlaceholder):
        current_response_class: Type[Response] = route.response_class.value
    else:
        current_response_class = route.response_class
    assert current_response_class, "A response class is needed to generate OpenAPI"
    route_response_media_type: Optional[str] = current_response_class.media_type
    if route.include_in_schema:

    assert response.headers["x-fastapi-item-id"] == "foo"


def test_patch():
    response = client.patch("/items/foo", json={"name": "Foo"})
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"item_id": "foo", "item": {"name": "Foo", "price": None}}


def test_trace():
    response = client.request("trace", "/items/foo")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text

    /** Don't accept an unvalidated cached response. */
    fun noCache() = commonNoCache()

    /** Don't store the server's response in any cache. */
    fun noStore() = commonNoStore()

    /**
     * Only accept the response if it is in the cache. If the response isn't cached, a `504
     * Unsatisfiable Request` response will be returned.
     */
    fun onlyIfCached() = commonOnlyIfCached()

	}
	// Start processing requests.
	close(processHandler)

	// Drain responses
	got := 0
	for resp := range st.responses {
		// t.Log("got response", resp)
		errFatal(resp.Err)
		if resp.Msg[0] != byte(got) {
			t.Error("expected response", got, "got", resp.Msg[0])
		}
		got++
	}
	if got != 100 {
		t.Error("expected 100 responses, got", got)
	}
}

    client_no = get_app_client(separate_input_output_schemas=False)
    response = client.post("/items/", json={"name": "Plumbus"})
    response2 = client_no.post("/items/", json={"name": "Plumbus"})
    assert response.status_code == response2.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert (
        response.json()
        == response2.json()
        == {"name": "Plumbus", "description": None, "sub": None}
    )

```

!!! note "Технические детали"
    Также можно использовать `from starlette.requests import Request` и `from starlette.responses import JSONResponse`.

    **FastAPI** предоставляет тот же `starlette.responses`, что и `fastapi.responses`, просто для удобства разработчика. Однако большинство доступных ответов поступает непосредственно из Starlette. То же самое касается и `Request`.

    response = client.get("/users")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == [{"user_id": "u1"}, {"user_id": "u2"}]


def test_get_user():
    """Check that /users/{user_id} returns expected data"""
    response = client.get("/users/abc123")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"user_id": "abc123"}

    test_user = {"email": "******@****.***", "password": "secret"}
    response = client.post("/users/", json=test_user)
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    data = response.json()
    assert test_user["email"] == data["email"]
    assert "id" in data
    response = client.post("/users/", json=test_user)
    assert response.status_code == 400, response.text


# TODO: pv2 add version with Pydantic v2
@needs_pydanticv1

    test_user = {"email": "******@****.***", "password": "secret"}
    response = client.post("/users/", json=test_user)
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    data = response.json()
    assert test_user["email"] == data["email"]
    assert "id" in data
    response = client.post("/users/", json=test_user)
    assert response.status_code == 400, response.text


@needs_py310
# TODO: pv2 add version with Pydantic v2