isArrayKind = reflectValue.Kind() == reflect.Array
			)

			if !update || reflectValue.Len() == 0 {
				update = false
				if isArrayKind {
					db.Statement.ReflectValue.Set(reflect.Zero(reflectValue.Type()))
				} else {
					// if the slice cap is externally initialized, the externally initialized slice is directly used here
					if reflectValue.Cap() == 0 {

		t.Errorf("user's primary key should has value after create, got : %v", user.ID)
	}

	if user.CreatedAt.IsZero() {
		t.Errorf("user's created at should be not zero")
	}

	if user.UpdatedAt.IsZero() {
		t.Errorf("user's updated at should be not zero")
	}

	var newUser User
	if err := DB.Where("id = ?", user.ID).First(&newUser).Error; err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("errors happened when query: %v", err)
	} else {

	"regexp"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"time"

	"gorm.io/gorm"
	"gorm.io/gorm/clause"
	"gorm.io/gorm/logger"
	"gorm.io/gorm/schema"
)

// This regular expression seeks to find a sequence of digits (\d+) among zero or more non-digit characters (\D*),
// with a possible trailing non-digit character (\D?).

// For example, values that can pass this regular expression are:
// - "123"
// - "abc456"
// -"%$#@789"

		if result.Statement.Schema.PrioritizedPrimaryField == nil {
			tx.AddError(ErrPrimaryKeyRequired)
			break
		}

		primaryValue, zero := result.Statement.Schema.PrioritizedPrimaryField.ValueOf(tx.Statement.Context, resultsValue.Index(resultsValue.Len()-1))
		if zero {
			tx.AddError(ErrPrimaryKeyRequired)
			break
		}

		loaded        = map[interface{}]bool{}
		notZero, zero bool
	)

	if reflectValue.Kind() == reflect.Ptr ||
		reflectValue.Kind() == reflect.Interface {
		reflectValue = reflectValue.Elem()
	}

	switch reflectValue.Kind() {
	case reflect.Struct:
		results = [][]interface{}{make([]interface{}, len(fields))}

		for idx, field := range fields {
			results[0][idx], zero = field.ValueOf(ctx, reflectValue)

	}

	if err := DB.Create(&users).Error; err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("errors happened when create: %v", err)
	} else if user.ID == 0 {
		t.Fatalf("user's primary value should not zero, %v", user.ID)
	} else if user.UpdatedAt.IsZero() {
		t.Fatalf("user's updated at should not zero, %v", user.UpdatedAt)
	}
	lastUpdatedAt = user.UpdatedAt

	if err := DB.Model(user).Update("Age", 10).Error; err != nil {
		t.Errorf("errors happened when update: %v", err)

					"Birthday", "CompanyID", "ManagerID", "Active")
			}
		} else if user.ManagerID != nil {
			t.Errorf("Manager should not be created for zero value, got: %+v", user.ManagerID)
		}
	})

	t.Run("Team", func(t *testing.T) {
		if len(user.Team) != len(expect.Team) {
			t.Fatalf("Team should equal, expect: %v, got %v", len(expect.Team), len(user.Team))
		}

				destValue := reflect.ValueOf(stmt.Dest)
				for destValue.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
					destValue = destValue.Elem()
				}

				changedValue, zero := field.ValueOf(stmt.Context, destValue)
				if v {
					return !utils.AssertEqual(changedValue, fieldValue)
				}
				return !zero && !utils.AssertEqual(changedValue, fieldValue)
			}
		}
		return false
	}

	if len(fields) == 0 {

						v = v.Elem()
					} else {
						return nil, true
					}
				}
			}

			fv, zero := v.Interface(), v.IsZero()
			return fv, zero
		}
	}

	if field.Serializer != nil {
		oldValuerOf := field.ValueOf
		field.ValueOf = func(ctx context.Context, v reflect.Value) (interface{}, bool) {
			value, zero := oldValuerOf(ctx, v)

			s, ok := value.(SerializerValuerInterface)
			if !ok {

			})
		}
	}

	var none []User
	if err := DB.Where("name in (?)", []string{}).Find(&none).Error; err != nil || len(none) != 0 {
		t.Errorf("errors happened when query find with in clause and zero length parameter: %v, length: %v", err, len(none))
	}
}

func TestQueryWithAssociation(t *testing.T) {