# Testing Events: startup - shutdown

When you need your event handlers (`startup` and `shutdown`) to run in your tests, you can use the `TestClient` with a `with` statement:

```Python hl_lines="9-12  20-24"
{!../../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial003.py!}

# Testing WebSockets

You can use the same `TestClient` to test WebSockets.

For this, you use the `TestClient` in a `with` statement, connecting to the WebSocket:

```Python hl_lines="27-31"
{!../../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial002.py!}
```

!!! note

Create functions with a name that starts with `test_` (this is standard `pytest` conventions).

Use the `TestClient` object the same way as you do with `httpx`.

Write simple `assert` statements with the standard Python expressions that you need to check (again, standard `pytest`).

```Python hl_lines="2  12  15-18"
{!../../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial001.py!}
```

!!! tip

```Python hl_lines="1  13"
{!../../../docs_src/events/tutorial003.py!}
```

A **context manager** in Python is something that you can use in a `with` statement, for example, `open()` can be used as a context manager:

```Python
with open("file.txt") as file:
    file.read()
```

    * You can imagine that `main:app` is equivalent to a Python `import` statement like:

        ```Python
        from main import app
        ```

    * So, the colon in `main:app` would be equivalent to the Python `import` part in `from main import app`.