```Python
old_dict = {
    "old key": "old value",
    "second old key": "second old value",
}
new_dict = {**old_dict, "new key": "new value"}
```

Ici, `new_dict` contiendra toutes les paires clé-valeur de `old_dict` plus la nouvelle paire clé-valeur :

```Python
{
    "old key": "old value",
    "second old key": "second old value",
    "new key": "new value",
}
```

```Python
my_user: User = User(id=3, name="John Doe", joined="2018-07-19")

second_user_data = {
    "id": 4,
    "name": "Mary",
    "joined": "2018-11-30",
}

my_second_user: User = User(**second_user_data)
```

!!! info
    `**second_user_data` nghĩa là:

def test_get_invalid_second_header_items():
    response = client.get(
        "/items/", headers={"X-Token": "fake-super-secret-token", "X-Key": "invalid"}
    )
    assert response.status_code == 400, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"detail": "X-Key header invalid"}


def test_get_invalid_second_header_users():
    response = client.get(

```Python
my_user: User = User(id=3, name="John Doe", joined="2018-07-19")

second_user_data = {
    "id": 4,
    "name": "Mary",
    "joined": "2018-11-30",
}

my_second_user: User = User(**second_user_data)
```

!!! info
    `**second_user_data` bedeutet:

对于这些情况，你可以使用Python的技术，将 `dict` 与 `**dict_to_unpack` 解包：
```Python
old_dict = {
    "old key": "old value",
    "second old key": "second old value",
}
new_dict = {**old_dict, "new key": "new value"}
```

这里， new_dict 将包含来自 old_dict 的所有键值对加上新的键值对：
```python
{
    "old key": "old value",
    "second old key": "second old value",
    "new key": "new value",
}
```
您可以使用该技术在路径操作中重用一些预定义的响应，并将它们与其他自定义响应相结合。
**例如：**

```

これは以下のように用いられます:

```Python
my_user: User = User(id=3, name="John Doe", joined="2018-07-19")

second_user_data = {
    "id": 4,
    "name": "Mary",
    "joined": "2018-11-30",
}

my_second_user: User = User(**second_user_data)
```

!!! info "情報"
    `**second_user_data` は以下を意味します：

    `second_user_data`辞書のキーと値を直接、キーと値の引数として渡します。これは、`User(id=4, name="Mary", joined="2018-11-30")`と同等です。

### エディタのサポート

    response = client.post(
        "/users", json={"email": "******@****.***", "password": "secret"}
    )
    assert response.json() == {"email": "******@****.***"}


def test_filter_second_level_model():
    response = client.get("/pets/1")
    assert response.json() == {
        "name": "Nibbler",
        "owner": {"email": "******@****.***"},
    }


def test_list_of_models():

    `HTTPDigest` in a dependency.

    The HTTP authorization header value is split by the first space.

    The first part is the `scheme`, the second part is the `credentials`.

    For example, in an HTTP Bearer token scheme, the client will send a header
    like:

    ```
    Authorization: Bearer deadbeef12346
    ```

    In this case:

    * `scheme` will have the value `"Bearer"`

Cela va valider les données, montrer une erreur claire si ces dernières ne sont pas valides, et documenter le paramètre dans le schéma `OpenAPI` de cette *path operation*.

## Rajouter plus de validation

Vous pouvez aussi rajouter un second paramètre `min_length` :

```Python hl_lines="9"
{!../../../docs_src/query_params_str_validations/tutorial003.py!}
```

## Ajouter des validations par expressions régulières

Quand vous créez des *fonctions de chemins*, vous pouvez vous retrouver dans une situation où vous avez un chemin fixe.

Tel que `/users/me`, disons pour récupérer les données sur l'utilisateur actuel.

Et vous avez un second chemin : `/users/{user_id}` pour récupérer de la donnée sur un utilisateur spécifique grâce à son identifiant d'utilisateur