*
 * When parsing URLs that lack percent encoding where it is required, this class will percent encode
 * the offending characters.
 *
 * ### IDNA Mapping and Punycode encoding
 *
 * Hostnames have different requirements and use a different encoding scheme. It consists of IDNA
 * mapping and Punycode encoding.
 *
 * In order to avoid confusion and discourage phishing attacks, [IDNA Mapping][idna] transforms