while (stack.size() > 1) {
          A right = pop(stack);
          A left = pop(stack);
          push(stack, collector.combiner().apply(left, right));
        }
        return pop(stack);
      }

      <E extends @Nullable Object> void push(List<E> stack, E value) {
        stack.add(value);
      }

      <E extends @Nullable Object> E pop(List<E> stack) {
        return stack.remove(stack.size() - 1);