* values, see {@link com.google.common.primitives.Longs}.
 *
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 * @since 11.0
 */
@GwtCompatible(emulated = true)
@ElementTypesAreNonnullByDefault
public final class LongMath {
  // NOTE: Whenever both tests are cheap and functional, it's faster to use &, | instead of &&, ||

  @VisibleForTesting static final long MAX_SIGNED_POWER_OF_TWO = 1L << (Long.SIZE - 2);

  /**

import junit.framework.TestCase;

/**
 * Tests for LongMath.
 *
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 */
@GwtCompatible(emulated = true)
public class LongMathTest extends TestCase {
  @SuppressWarnings("ConstantOverflow")
  public void testMaxSignedPowerOfTwo() {
    assertTrue(LongMath.isPowerOfTwo(LongMath.MAX_SIGNED_POWER_OF_TWO));
    assertFalse(LongMath.isPowerOfTwo(LongMath.MAX_SIGNED_POWER_OF_TWO * 2));
  }

import junit.framework.TestCase;

/**
 * Tests for LongMath.
 *
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 */
@GwtCompatible(emulated = true)
public class LongMathTest extends TestCase {
  @SuppressWarnings("ConstantOverflow")
  public void testMaxSignedPowerOfTwo() {
    assertTrue(LongMath.isPowerOfTwo(LongMath.MAX_SIGNED_POWER_OF_TWO));
    assertFalse(LongMath.isPowerOfTwo(LongMath.MAX_SIGNED_POWER_OF_TWO * 2));
  }

longname/longname/longname/longname/longname/longname/longname/longname/longname/longname/longname/longname/longname/longname/longname/file.txt hello...

    int tmp = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < reps; i++) {
      int j = i & ARRAY_MASK;
      tmp += LongMath.pow(positive[j], exponents[j]);
    }
    return tmp;
  }

  @Benchmark
  int mod(int reps) {
    int tmp = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < reps; i++) {
      int j = i & ARRAY_MASK;
      tmp += LongMath.mod(longs[j], positive[j]);
    }
    return tmp;
  }

  @Benchmark
  int gCD(int reps) {

    int tmp = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < reps; i++) {
      int j = i & ARRAY_MASK;
      tmp += LongMath.pow(positive[j], exponents[j]);
    }
    return tmp;
  }

  @Benchmark
  int mod(int reps) {
    int tmp = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < reps; i++) {
      int j = i & ARRAY_MASK;
      tmp += LongMath.mod(longs[j], positive[j]);
    }
    return tmp;
  }

  @Benchmark
  int gCD(int reps) {

    int tmp = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < reps; i++) {
      int j = i & ARRAY_MASK;
      tmp += LongMath.log2(positive[j], mode);
    }
    return tmp;
  }

  @Benchmark
  int log10(int reps) {
    int tmp = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < reps; i++) {
      int j = i & ARRAY_MASK;
      tmp += LongMath.log10(positive[j], mode);
    }
    return tmp;
  }

  @Benchmark
  int sqrt(int reps) {

    int tmp = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < reps; i++) {
      int j = i & ARRAY_MASK;
      tmp += LongMath.log2(positive[j], mode);
    }
    return tmp;
  }

  @Benchmark
  int log10(int reps) {
    int tmp = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < reps; i++) {
      int j = i & ARRAY_MASK;
      tmp += LongMath.log10(positive[j], mode);
    }
    return tmp;
  }

  @Benchmark
  int sqrt(int reps) {

    int startingNumber = LongMath.factorials.length;
    long product = LongMath.factorials[startingNumber - 1];
    // Strip off 2s from this value.
    int shift = Long.numberOfTrailingZeros(product);
    product >>= shift;

    // Use floor(log2(num)) + 1 to prevent overflow of multiplication.
    int productBits = LongMath.log2(product, FLOOR) + 1;
    int bits = LongMath.log2(startingNumber, FLOOR) + 1;

        return IntMath.gcd(a, b);
      }

      @Override
      public long gcdLong(long a, long b) {
        return LongMath.gcd(a, b);
      }

      @Override
      public long binomialCoefficient(int n, int k) {
        return LongMath.binomial(n, k);
      }

      @Override
      public boolean noAddOverflow(int a, int b) {
        try {