When a GODEBUG setting is not listed in the environment variable,
its value is derived from three sources:
the defaults for the Go toolchain used to build the program,
amended to match the Go version listed in `go.mod`,
and then overridden by explicit `//go:debug` lines in the program.

The [GODEBUG History](#history) gives the exact defaults for each Go toolchain version.
For example, Go 1.21 introduces the `panicnil` setting,

is in a module with a `go.mod` `go` line using Go 1.23.0 or later.
When Go 1.23 builds older programs, the old behaviors remain in effect.
The new [GODEBUG setting](/doc/godebug) [`asynctimerchan=1`](/pkg/time/#NewTimer)
can be used to revert back to asynchronous channel behaviors

by the `go` directive in the file's enclosing `go.mod` file, and
by any [`//go:build` constraints](https://pkg.go.dev/cmd/go#hdr-Build_constraints)
in the file.)

For example, it will report a diagnostic for a reference to the
`reflect.TypeFor` function (introduced in go1.22) from a file in a
module whose go.mod file specifies `go 1.21`.