public final boolean isProtected() {
    return Modifier.isProtected(getModifiers());
  }

  /** Returns true if the element is package-private. */
  public final boolean isPackagePrivate() {
    return !isPrivate() && !isPublic() && !isProtected();
  }

  /** Returns true if the element is private. */
  public final boolean isPrivate() {
    return Modifier.isPrivate(getModifiers());
  }