throw new MetadataResolutionException("badly formed edge");
        }
    }
    // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    public List<MetadataGraphEdge> getEdgesBetween(MetadataGraphVertex vFrom, MetadataGraphVertex vTo) {
        List<MetadataGraphEdge> edges = getIncidentEdges(vTo);
        if (edges == null || edges.isEmpty()) {
            return null;
        }

    private MetadataGraphEdge cleanEdges(
            MetadataGraphVertex v, List<MetadataGraphEdge> edges, ArtifactScopeEnum scope) {
        if (edges == null || edges.isEmpty()) {
            return null;
        }

        if (edges.size() == 1) {
            MetadataGraphEdge e = edges.get(0);
            if (scope.encloses(e.getScope())) {
                return e;
            }

                "wrong # of v2 incident edges in the resulting graph after resolver");
        assertEquals(
                "1.2",
                res.getIncidentEdges(v2).get(0).getVersion(),
                "wrong edge v1-v2 in the resulting graph after resolver");

        assertEquals(
                1, res.getIncidentEdges(v3).size(), "wrong # of edges v1-v3 in the resulting graph after resolver");

      // Number of edges remaining is unknown (node's incident edges have been removed).
      AbstractGraphTest.validateGraph(graph);

      for (int i = numNodesToRemove; i < NUM_NODES; ++i) {
        assertThat(graph.removeNode(nodeList.get(i))).isTrue();
      }

      assertThat(graph.nodes()).isEmpty();
      assertThat(graph.edges()).isEmpty(); // no edges can remain if there's no nodes

   *
   * <p>In the undirected case, returns {@code null} if {@code isSelfLoop} is true.
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  @Nullable N removeInEdge(E edge, boolean isSelfLoop);

  /** Remove {@code edge} from the set of outgoing edges. Returns the former successor node. */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  N removeOutEdge(E edge);

  /**

    for (N node : graph.nodes()) {
      copy.addNode(node);
    }
    for (EndpointPair<N> edge : graph.edges()) {
      copy.putEdge(edge.nodeU(), edge.nodeV());
    }
    return copy;
  }

  /** Creates a mutable copy of {@code graph} with the same nodes, edges, and edge values. */
  public static <N, V> MutableValueGraph<N, V> copyOf(ValueGraph<N, V> graph) {
    MutableValueGraph<N, V> copy =

    for (N node : graph.nodes()) {
      copy.addNode(node);
    }
    for (EndpointPair<N> edge : graph.edges()) {
      copy.putEdge(edge.nodeU(), edge.nodeV());
    }
    return copy;
  }

  /** Creates a mutable copy of {@code graph} with the same nodes, edges, and edge values. */
  public static <N, V> MutableValueGraph<N, V> copyOf(ValueGraph<N, V> graph) {
    MutableValueGraph<N, V> copy =

        + nodes()
        + ", edges: "
        + edgeValueMap(this);
  }

  private static <N, V> Map<EndpointPair<N>, V> edgeValueMap(ValueGraph<N, V> graph) {
    return Maps.asMap(
        graph.edges(),
        edge ->
            // requireNonNull is safe because the endpoint pair comes from the graph.
            requireNonNull(graph.edgeValueOrDefault(edge.nodeU(), edge.nodeV(), null)));
  }

    assertThat(edges).hasSize(2);
    assertThat(edges).contains(EndpointPair.unordered(N1, N1));
    assertThat(edges).contains(EndpointPair.unordered(N1, N2));
    assertThat(edges).contains(EndpointPair.unordered(N2, N1)); // equal to unordered(N1, N2)

    // ordered endpoints not compatible with undirected graph
    assertThat(edges).doesNotContain(EndpointPair.ordered(N1, N2));

    ImmutableMultimap.Builder<Character, Character> graphMapBuilder = ImmutableMultimap.builder();
    for (String edge : edges) {
      checkArgument(
          edge.length() == 2, "Expecting each edge to consist of 2 characters but got %s", edge);
      char node1 = edge.charAt(0);
      char node2 = edge.charAt(1);
      graphMapBuilder.put(node1, node2);