}
    return total;
  }

  /** Max array length on JVM. */
  private static final int MAX_ARRAY_LEN = Integer.MAX_VALUE - 8;

  /** Large enough to never need to expand, given the geometric progression of buffer sizes. */
  private static final int TO_BYTE_ARRAY_DEQUE_SIZE = 20;

  /**
   * Returns a byte array containing the bytes from the buffers already in {@code bufs} (which have