expr.SQL = m.DataTypeOf(field)

	if field.NotNull {
		expr.SQL += " NOT NULL"
	}

	if field.HasDefaultValue && (field.DefaultValueInterface != nil || field.DefaultValue != "") {
		if field.DefaultValueInterface != nil {
			defaultStmt := &gorm.Statement{Vars: []interface{}{field.DefaultValueInterface}}
			m.Dialector.BindVarTo(defaultStmt, defaultStmt, field.DefaultValueInterface)

		t.Errorf("failed to query, got error %v, account: %#v", err, user4.Account)
	}

	if err := DB.Preload(clause.Associations, func(tx *gorm.DB) *gorm.DB {
		return tx.Unscoped()
	}).Take(&user4, "id = ?", users3[0].ID).Error; err != nil || user4.Account.ID == 0 {
		t.Errorf("failed to query, got error %v, account: %#v", err, user4.Account)
	}
}

				tx.AddError(rel.Field.Set(tx.Statement.Context, reflectValue.Index(i), reflect.MakeSlice(rel.Field.IndirectFieldType, 0, 10).Interface()))
			default:
				tx.AddError(rel.Field.Set(tx.Statement.Context, reflectValue.Index(i), reflect.New(rel.Field.FieldType).Interface()))
			}
		}
	}

	for i := 0; i < reflectResults.Len(); i++ {
		elem := reflectResults.Index(i)
		for idx, field := range relForeignFields {

			field.DataType = ""
			field.IgnoreMigration = true
		case "migration":
			field.IgnoreMigration = true
		}
	}

	if v, ok := field.TagSettings["->"]; ok {
		field.Creatable = false
		field.Updatable = false
		if strings.ToLower(v) == "false" {
			field.Readable = false
		} else {
			field.Readable = true
		}
	}

	if v, ok := field.TagSettings["<-"]; ok {
		field.Creatable = true

	}

	DB.Migrator().DropTable(&Harumph{})

	if err := DB.AutoMigrate(&Harumph{}); err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("Failed to migrate with default value, got error: %v", err)
	}

	harumph := Harumph{Email: "******@****.***"}
	if err := DB.Create(&harumph).Error; err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("Failed to create data with default value, got error: %v", err)

	var err error
	err = DB.Create(&q1).Error
	if err != nil {
		t.Errorf("failed to create:%v", err)
	}

	err = DB.Create(&q2).Error
	if err != nil {
		t.Errorf("failed to create:%v", err)
	}

	var qs []QueryResetNullValue
	err = DB.Joins("Item1").Joins("Item2").Find(&qs).Error
	if err != nil {
		t.Errorf("failed to find:%v", err)
	}

	if len(qs) != 2 {

				field := stmt.Schema.FieldsByDBName[column.Name]
				if values.Values[0][idx], isZero = field.ValueOf(stmt.Context, stmt.ReflectValue); isZero {
					if field.DefaultValueInterface != nil {
						values.Values[0][idx] = field.DefaultValueInterface
						stmt.AddError(field.Set(stmt.Context, stmt.ReflectValue, field.DefaultValueInterface))
					} else if field.AutoCreateTime > 0 || field.AutoUpdateTime > 0 {

	PrimaryKey    *Field
	PrimaryValue  string
	ForeignKey    *Field
	OwnPrimaryKey bool
}

func (schema *Schema) parseRelation(field *Field) *Relationship {
	var (
		err        error
		fieldValue = reflect.New(field.IndirectFieldType).Interface()
		relation   = &Relationship{
			Name:        field.Name,
			Field:       field,
			Schema:      schema,
			foreignKeys: toColumns(field.TagSettings["FOREIGNKEY"]),

	if err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("failed to parse schema, got error %v", err)
	}

	if len(userSchema.Relationships.Relations) != 1 {
		t.Fatalf("expects 1 relations, but got %v", len(userSchema.Relationships.Relations))
	}

	if createdByRel, ok := userSchema.Relationships.Relations["CreatedBy"]; ok {
		if createdByRel.FieldSchema != userSchema {