* @return the escaped value safe for use in LDAP search filters
     * @see <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4515">RFC 4515 - LDAP String Representation of Search Filters</a>
     */
    public static String escapeValue(final String value) {
        if (value == null) {
            return "";
        }
        final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(value.length() * 2);
        for (int i = 0; i < value.length(); i++) {

        assertEquals("\\2a", LdapUtil.escapeValue("*"));
        assertEquals("\\2a\\2a\\2a", LdapUtil.escapeValue("***"));
        assertEquals("test\\2auser", LdapUtil.escapeValue("test*user"));
    }

    @Test
    public void test_escapeValue_parentheses() {
        assertEquals("\\28admin\\29", LdapUtil.escapeValue("(admin)"));
        assertEquals("\\28", LdapUtil.escapeValue("("));

        if (username == null) {
            value = StringUtil.EMPTY;
        } else if (maxLength >= 0 && username.length() > maxLength) {
            value = LdapUtil.escapeValue(username.substring(0, maxLength));
        } else {
            value = LdapUtil.escapeValue(username);
        }
        return String.format(getSystemProperty(Constants.LDAP_SECURITY_PRINCIPAL, StringUtil.EMPTY), value);
    }

     * @see <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4515">RFC 4515 - LDAP String Representation of Search Filters</a>
     * @deprecated Use {@link LdapUtil#escapeValue(String)} instead
     */
    @Deprecated
    protected String escapeLDAPSearchFilter(final String filter) {
        return LdapUtil.escapeValue(filter);
    }

    /**
     * Normalizes a permission name based on configuration settings.
     *