// otherwise try to presize a StringBuilder
          // it is kind of lame that we need to construct a decoder to access this value.
          // if this is a concern we could add special cases for some known charsets (like utf8)
          // or we could avoid inputstreamreader and use the decoder api directly
          // TODO(lukes): in a real implementation we would need to handle overflow conditions

          // otherwise try to presize a StringBuilder
          // it is kind of lame that we need to construct a decoder to access this value.
          // if this is a concern we could add special cases for some known charsets (like utf8)
          // or we could avoid inputstreamreader and use the decoder api directly
          // TODO(lukes): in a real implementation we would need to handle overflow conditions

  /**
   * Returns {@code true} if {@code bytes} is a <i>well-formed</i> UTF-8 byte sequence according to
   * Unicode 6.0. Note that this is a stronger criterion than simply whether the bytes can be
   * decoded. For example, some versions of the JDK decoder will accept "non-shortest form" byte
   * sequences, but encoding never reproduces these. Such byte sequences are <i>not</i> considered
   * well-formed.
   *

  /**
   * Returns {@code true} if {@code bytes} is a <i>well-formed</i> UTF-8 byte sequence according to
   * Unicode 6.0. Note that this is a stronger criterion than simply whether the bytes can be
   * decoded. For example, some versions of the JDK decoder will accept "non-shortest form" byte
   * sequences, but encoding never reproduces these. Such byte sequences are <i>not</i> considered
   * well-formed.
   *

      tmp += System.identityHashCode(encoding.encoding.encode(encodingInputs[i & INPUTS_MASK]));
    }
    return tmp;
  }

  @Benchmark
  public int decode(int reps) {
    int tmp = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < reps; i++) {
      tmp += System.identityHashCode(encoding.encoding.decode(decodingInputs[i & INPUTS_MASK]));
    }
    return tmp;
  }

  @Benchmark
  public int encodingStream(int reps) throws IOException {

    byte[] bytes = new byte[string.length() / 2];
    for (int i = 0; i < string.length(); i += 2) {
      int ch1 = decode(string.charAt(i)) << 4;
      int ch2 = decode(string.charAt(i + 1));
      bytes[i / 2] = (byte) (ch1 + ch2);
    }
    return fromBytesNoCopy(bytes);
  }

  private static int decode(char ch) {
    if (ch >= '0' && ch <= '9') {
      return ch - '0';
    }
    if (ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'f') {

   *       thrown.
   * </ol>
   *
   * @param seq the sequence of characters from which to decode the code point
   * @param index the index of the first character to decode
   * @param end the index beyond the last valid character to decode
   * @return the Unicode code point for the given index or the negated value of the trailing high
   *     surrogate character at the end of the sequence

   *
   * <p><b>{@link java.nio.file.Path} equivalent:</b> {@link
   * java.nio.file.Files#newBufferedReader(java.nio.file.Path, Charset)}.
   *
   * @param file the file to read from
   * @param charset the charset used to decode the input stream; see {@link StandardCharsets} for
   *     helpful predefined constants
   * @return the buffered reader
   */
  public static BufferedReader newReader(File file, Charset charset) throws FileNotFoundException {

  }

  public void testRoundTripHashCodeUsingBaseEncoding() {
    HashCode hash1 = Hashing.sha1().hashString("foo", Charsets.US_ASCII);
    HashCode hash2 = HashCode.fromBytes(BaseEncoding.base16().lowerCase().decode(hash1.toString()));
    assertEquals(hash1, hash2);
  }

  public void testObjectHashCode() {
    HashCode hashCode42 = HashCode.fromInt(42);
    assertEquals(42, hashCode42.hashCode());
  }

  /**
   * Returns a serializable converter object that converts between strings and integers using {@link
   * Integer#decode} and {@link Integer#toString()}. The returned converter throws {@link
   * NumberFormatException} if the input string is invalid.
   *
   * <p><b>Warning:</b> please see {@link Integer#decode} to understand exactly how strings are