public final class CharStreams {

  // 2K chars (4K bytes)
  private static final int DEFAULT_BUF_SIZE = 0x800;

  /** Creates a new {@code CharBuffer} for buffering reads or writes. */
  static CharBuffer createBuffer() {
    return CharBuffer.allocate(DEFAULT_BUF_SIZE);
  }

  private CharStreams() {}

  /**
   * Copies all characters between the {@link Readable} and {@link Appendable} objects. Does not

 * the License.
 */

package com.google.common.io;

import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;
import static com.google.common.io.CharStreams.createBuffer;

import com.google.common.annotations.GwtIncompatible;
import com.google.common.annotations.J2ktIncompatible;
import com.google.errorprone.annotations.CanIgnoreReturnValue;
import java.io.IOException;

@VmOptions({"-Xms12g", "-Xmx12g", "-d64"})
public class CharStreamsCopyBenchmark {
  enum CopyStrategy {
    OLD {
      @Override
      long copy(Readable from, Appendable to) throws IOException {
        CharBuffer buf = CharStreams.createBuffer();
        long total = 0;
        while (from.read(buf) != -1) {
          ((Buffer) buf).flip();
          to.append(buf);
          total += buf.remaining();
          ((Buffer) buf).clear();
        }

@VmOptions({"-Xms12g", "-Xmx12g", "-d64"})
public class CharStreamsCopyBenchmark {
  enum CopyStrategy {
    OLD {
      @Override
      long copy(Readable from, Appendable to) throws IOException {
        CharBuffer buf = CharStreams.createBuffer();
        long total = 0;
        while (from.read(buf) != -1) {
          ((Buffer) buf).flip();
          to.append(buf);
          total += buf.remaining();
          ((Buffer) buf).clear();
        }

@GwtIncompatible
@ElementTypesAreNonnullByDefault
public final class ByteStreams {

  private static final int BUFFER_SIZE = 8192;

  /** Creates a new byte array for buffering reads or writes. */
  static byte[] createBuffer() {
    return new byte[BUFFER_SIZE];
  }

  /**
   * There are three methods to implement {@link FileChannel#transferTo(long, long,
   * WritableByteChannel)}:
   *
   * <ol>

   */
  public boolean contentEquals(ByteSource other) throws IOException {
    checkNotNull(other);

    byte[] buf1 = createBuffer();
    byte[] buf2 = createBuffer();

    Closer closer = Closer.create();
    try {
      InputStream in1 = closer.register(openStream());
      InputStream in2 = closer.register(other.openStream());
      while (true) {

    images: Union[List[Image], None] = None


class Offer(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: Union[str, None] = None
    price: float
    items: List[Item]


@app.post("/offers/")
async def create_offer(offer: Offer):

    images: Union[list[Image], None] = None


class Offer(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: Union[str, None] = None
    price: float
    items: list[Item]


@app.post("/offers/")
async def create_offer(offer: Offer):

    images: list[Image] | None = None


class Offer(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: str | None = None
    price: float
    items: list[Item]


@app.post("/offers/")
async def create_offer(offer: Offer):