// Causes the calling thread to block till all ops dispatched in this executor
// have been executed. Note that "execution" here refers to kernel execution /
// scheduling of copies, etc. Similar to sync execution, it doesn't guarantee
// that lower level device queues (like GPU streams) have been flushed.
//
// This call may not block for execution of ops enqueued concurrently with this
// call.

    if (max_age_ == 0) {
      return;
    }
    absl::MutexLock lock(&mu_);
    InsertLocked(key, value);
  }

  // Delete the entry with key `key`. Return true if the entry was found for
  // `key`, false if the entry was not found. In both cases, there is no entry
  // with key `key` existed after the call.
  bool Delete(const std::string& key) {
    absl::MutexLock lock(&mu_);
    return DeleteLocked(key);
  }

typedef struct GCSFile {
  google::cloud::storage::Client gcs_client;  // owned
  bool compose;
  absl::Mutex block_cache_lock;
  std::shared_ptr<RamFileBlockCache> file_block_cache
      ABSL_GUARDED_BY(block_cache_lock);
  uint64_t block_size;  // Reads smaller than block_size will trigger a read
                        // of block_size.
  std::unique_ptr<ExpiringLRUCache<GcsFileStat>> stat_cache;

                    int expected_max_outputs,
                    CancellationManager& cancellation_manager,
                    std::optional<int64_t> step_id = std::nullopt) const;

  // Blocks until the previous `StartExecute` has run `TFE_Execute` on each
  // device. If is_async=false (constructor argument) this means the ops have
  // run and have results. If is_async=true it means that all of the

TF_CAPI_EXPORT extern void TF_CloseWritableFile(TF_WritableFileHandle* handle,
                                                TF_Status* status);

// Syncs content of the handle to the filesystem. Blocks waiting for the
// filesystem to indicate that the content has been persisted.
TF_CAPI_EXPORT extern void TF_SyncWritableFile(TF_WritableFileHandle* handle,
                                               TF_Status* status);

TF_CAPI_EXPORT extern void TF_ServerStart(TF_Server* server, TF_Status* status);

// Stops an in-process TensorFlow server.
TF_CAPI_EXPORT extern void TF_ServerStop(TF_Server* server, TF_Status* status);

// Blocks until the server has been successfully stopped (via TF_ServerStop or
// TF_ServerClose).
TF_CAPI_EXPORT extern void TF_ServerJoin(TF_Server* server, TF_Status* status);

// you want the latter, use TFE_TensorHandleBackingDeviceName. This function
// will block till the operation that produces `h` has completed.
TF_CAPI_EXPORT extern const char* TFE_TensorHandleDeviceName(
    TFE_TensorHandle* h, TF_Status* status);

// Returns the name of the device in whose memory `h` resides.
//
// This function will block till the operation that produces `h` has completed.

// "fifo_queue_dequeue_<tensor_id>", to be executed by this API call.

// Caller must call TF_DeleteTensor() over the returned tensor. If the queue is
// empty, this call is blocked.
//
// Tensors are enqueued via the corresponding TF enqueue op.
// TODO(hongm): Add support for `timeout_ms`.
TF_CAPI_EXPORT extern TF_Tensor* TF_DequeueNamedTensor(TF_Session* session,

// (also known as adjoint function) to compute, given downstream gradients,
// upstream gradients.
//
// TODO(apassos) provide concrete template instantiations for TFE_TensorHandle
// specialization, which is blocked by quite a few things needing to loop back
// into python now.
template <typename Gradient, typename BackwardFunction, typename TapeTensor>
class VSpace {
 public:
  virtual ~VSpace() {}

  };

  /// \brief The block map type for the file block cache.
  ///
  /// The block map is an ordered map from Key to Block.
  typedef std::map<Key, std::shared_ptr<Block>> BlockMap;

  /// Prune the cache by removing files with expired blocks.
  void Prune() ABSL_LOCKS_EXCLUDED(mu_);

  bool BlockNotStale(const std::shared_ptr<Block>& block)
      ABSL_EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(mu_);