[19515] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 19515
[19511] [INFO] Started server process [19511]
[19511] [INFO] Waiting for application startup.
[19511] [INFO] Application startup complete.
[19513] [INFO] Started server process [19513]
[19513] [INFO] Waiting for application startup.
[19513] [INFO] Application startup complete.
[19514] [INFO] Started server process [19514]
[19514] [INFO] Waiting for application startup.

    ```

!!! info
    The additional header `WWW-Authenticate` with value `Bearer` we are returning here is also part of the spec.

    Any HTTP (error) status code 401 "UNAUTHORIZED" is supposed to also return a `WWW-Authenticate` header.

    In the case of bearer tokens (our case), the value of that header should be `Bearer`.

    You can actually skip that extra header and it would still work.

    ```

!!! info
    Der zusätzliche Header `WWW-Authenticate` mit dem Wert `Bearer`, den wir hier zurückgeben, ist ebenfalls Teil der Spezifikation.

    Jeder HTTP-(Fehler-)Statuscode 401 „UNAUTHORIZED“ soll auch einen `WWW-Authenticate`-Header zurückgeben.

    Im Fall von Bearer-Tokens (in unserem Fall) sollte der Wert dieses Headers `Bearer` lauten.

<img src="/img/tutorial/security/image10.png">

!!! note "Hinweis"
    Beachten Sie den Header `Authorization` mit einem Wert, der mit `Bearer` beginnt.

## Fortgeschrittene Verwendung mit `scopes`

OAuth2 hat ein Konzept von <abbr title="Geltungsbereiche">„Scopes“</abbr>.

    open fun url(url: URL) = url(url.toString().toHttpUrl())

    /**
     * Sets the header named [name] to [value]. If this request already has any headers
     * with that name, they are all replaced.
     */
    open fun header(
      name: String,
      value: String,
    ) = commonHeader(name, value)

    /**
     * Adds a header with [name] and [value]. Prefer this method for multiply-valued
     * headers like "Cookie".

    * Но для этого необходима аутентификация для конкретной конечной точки.
    * Поэтому для аутентификации в нашем API он посылает заголовок `Authorization` со значением `Bearer` плюс сам токен.
    * Если токен содержит `foobar`, то содержание заголовка `Authorization` будет таким: `Bearer foobar`.

## Класс `OAuth2PasswordBearer` в **FastAPI**

    assertThat(webSocket.receivedPongCount()).isEqualTo(0)
    assertThat(server.sentPingCount()).isEqualTo(0)
    assertThat(server.receivedPingCount()).isEqualTo(0)
    assertThat(server.receivedPongCount()).isEqualTo(0)
    closeWebSockets(webSocket, server)
  }

  /**
   * Configure the websocket to send pings every 500 ms. Artificially prevent the server from

```Python
from .dependencies import get_token_header
```

würde bedeuten:

* Beginnend im selben Package, in dem sich dieses Modul (die Datei `app/routers/items.py`) befindet (das Verzeichnis `app/routers/`) ...
* finde das Modul `dependencies` (eine imaginäre Datei unter `app/routers/dependencies.py`) ...
* und importiere daraus die Funktion `get_token_header`.

* `headers` - A `dict` of strings.
* `media_type` - A `str` giving the media type. E.g. `"text/html"`.

FastAPI (actually Starlette) will automatically include a Content-Length header. It will also include a Content-Type header, based on the media_type and appending a charset for text types.

```Python hl_lines="1  18"
{!../../../docs_src/response_directly/tutorial002.py!}
```

### `HTMLResponse`

            .build()

        networkResponse.body.close()

        // Update the cache after combining headers but before stripping the
        // Content-Encoding header (as performed by initContentStream()).
        cache!!.trackConditionalCacheHit()
        cache.update(cacheResponse, response)
        return response.also {
          listener.cacheHit(call, it)
        }