n := 0
		err := UntilSuccess(func() error {
			n++
			return fmt.Errorf("oops")
		}, MaxAttempts(10), Delay(0))
		if err == nil {
			t.Fatalf("expected error")
		}
		if n != 10 {
			t.Fatalf("expected exactly 10 attempts, got %d", n)
		}
	})

	t.Run("attempts success", func(t *testing.T) {
		n := 0
		err := UntilSuccess(func() error {
			n++
			if n == 7 {
				return nil
			}

	}
}

// RetriableFunc a function that can be retried.
type RetriableFunc func() (result any, completed bool, err error)

// UntilSuccess retries the given function until success, timeout, or until the passed-in function returns nil.
func UntilSuccess(fn func() error, options ...Option) error {
	_, e := UntilComplete(func() (any, bool, error) {
		err := fn()
		if err != nil {
			return nil, false, err
		}

// WaitUntilPodsAreReady waits until the pod with the name/namespace is in ready state.
func WaitUntilPodsAreReady(fetchFunc PodFetchFunc, opts ...retry.Option) ([]corev1.Pod, error) {
	var pods []corev1.Pod
	err := retry.UntilSuccess(func() error {
		scopes.Framework.Infof("Checking pods ready...")

		fetched, err := CheckPodsAreReady(fetchFunc)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		pods = fetched
		return nil

	err := retry.UntilSuccess(func() error {
		clientCount := logCount(t, from, testID)
		serverCount := logCount(t, to, testID)

		from.CallOrFail(t, echo.CallOptions{
			To: to,
			Port: echo.Port{
				Name: "http",
			},
			HTTP: echo.HTTP{
				Path: "/" + testID,
			},
		})

		return retry.UntilSuccess(func() error {

			g, _ := errgroup.WithContext(context.Background())
			for _, cltInstance := range GetClientInstances() {
				cltInstance := cltInstance
				g.Go(func() error {
					err := retry.UntilSuccess(func() error {
						if err := SendTraffic(cltInstance); err != nil {
							return err
						}
						c := cltInstance.Config().Cluster
						sourceCluster := constants.DefaultClusterName

		File("", filepath.Join(env.IstioSrc, "tests/integration/pilot/testdata/gateway-api-crd.yaml")).
		Apply(apply.NoCleanup); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	// Wait until our GatewayClass is ready
	return retry.UntilSuccess(func() error {
		for _, c := range ctx.Clusters().Configs() {
			_, err := c.GatewayAPI().GatewayV1beta1().GatewayClasses().Get(context.Background(), "istio", metav1.GetOptions{})
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}

func (s *udpInstance) Close() error {
	if s.l != nil {
		_ = s.l.Close()
	}
	return nil
}

func (s *udpInstance) awaitReady(onReady OnReadyFunc, address string) {
	defer onReady()

	err := retry.UntilSuccess(func() error {
		conn, err := net.Dial("udp", address)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		defer func() { _ = conn.Close() }()

		// Server is up now, we're ready.
		return nil

		ComponentName: "eastwestgateway",
		Revision:      revision,
		Files:         inFileNames,
		Set:           setArgs,
	}); err != nil {
		return err
	}

	// wait for a ready pod
	if err := retry.UntilSuccess(func() error {
		pods, err := cluster.Kube().CoreV1().Pods(i.cfg.SystemNamespace).List(context.TODO(), metav1.ListOptions{
			LabelSelector: eastWestIngressIstioLabel,
		})
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

	for _, wl := range c.workloadMgr.workloads {
		wl.mutex.Lock()
		pod := wl.pod
		wl.mutex.Unlock()
		if pod.Name != "" {
			return retry.UntilSuccess(func() (err error) {
				podName := pod.Name
				podNamespace := pod.Namespace
				pod, err := wl.Cluster().Kube().CoreV1().Pods(c.NamespaceName()).Get(context.TODO(), podName, metav1.GetOptions{})
				if err != nil {

		}
	}()

	scopes.Framework.Info("Creating dummy virtual service to check for validation webhook readiness")
	return retry.UntilSuccess(func() error {
		err := ctx.ConfigKube(cluster).YAML("", dummyValidationVirtualService).Apply()
		if err == nil {
			return nil
		}

		return fmt.Errorf("validation webhook not ready yet: %v", err)