int i = 0;
      int len = 0;

      // This loop optimizes for pure ASCII.
      while (i + 4 <= utf16Length) {
        char c0 = input.charAt(i);
        char c1 = input.charAt(i + 1);
        char c2 = input.charAt(i + 2);
        char c3 = input.charAt(i + 3);
        if (c0 < 0x80 && c1 < 0x80 && c2 < 0x80 && c3 < 0x80) {
          int k1 = c0 | (c1 << 8) | (c2 << 16) | (c3 << 24);
          k1 = mixK1(k1);

    char[] array = Chars.toArray(chars);
    this.testString = new String(array);
  }

  private char randomAlpha() {
    return ALPHA.charAt(random.nextInt(ALPHA.length()));
  }

  private char randomNonAlpha() {
    return NONALPHA.charAt(random.nextInt(NONALPHA.length()));
  }

  @Benchmark
  int asciiStringToUpperCase(int reps) {

    // Inlineable fast-path loop which hands off to escapeSlow() only if needed
    int length = string.length();
    for (int index = 0; index < length; index++) {
      if (escape(string.charAt(index)) != null) {
        return escapeSlow(string, index);
      }
    }
    return string;
  }

  /**
   * Returns the escaped form of the given character, or {@code null} if this character does not

    Hasher h2 = new NonStreamingVersion().newHasher();
    String s = new String(chars);
    // this is the correct implementation of the spec
    for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) {
      h1.putChar(s.charAt(i));
    }
    h2.putUnencodedChars(s);
    assertEquals(h1.hash(), h2.hash());
  }

  static class StreamingVersion extends AbstractHashFunction {
    @Override
    public int bits() {
      return 32;

    Hasher h2 = new NonStreamingVersion().newHasher();
    String s = new String(chars);
    // this is the correct implementation of the spec
    for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) {
      h1.putChar(s.charAt(i));
    }
    h2.putUnencodedChars(s);
    assertEquals(h1.hash(), h2.hash());
  }

  static class StreamingVersion extends AbstractHashFunction {
    @Override
    public int bits() {
      return 32;

          "radix must be between MIN_RADIX and MAX_RADIX but was " + radix);
    }
    boolean negative = string.charAt(0) == '-';
    int index = negative ? 1 : 0;
    if (index == string.length()) {
      return null;
    }
    int digit = AsciiDigits.digit(string.charAt(index++));
    if (digit < 0 || digit >= radix) {
      return null;
    }
    long accum = -digit;

      if (isNullOrEmpty(value)) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("value of key " + key + " omitted");
      }
      try {
        char lastChar = value.charAt(value.length() - 1);
        TimeUnit timeUnit;
        switch (lastChar) {
          case 'd':
            timeUnit = TimeUnit.DAYS;
            break;
          case 'h':

    }

    int maxSafePos = ParseOverflowDetection.maxSafeDigits[radix] - 1;
    long value = 0;
    for (int pos = 0; pos < string.length(); pos++) {
      int digit = Character.digit(string.charAt(pos), radix);
      if (digit == -1) {
        throw new NumberFormatException(string);
      }
      if (pos > maxSafePos && ParseOverflowDetection.overflowInParse(value, digit, radix)) {

  static byte[] ascii(String string) {
    byte[] bytes = new byte[string.length()];
    for (int i = 0; i < string.length(); i++) {
      bytes[i] = (byte) string.charAt(i);
    }
    return bytes;
  }

  interface HashFn {
    byte[] hash(byte[] input, int seed);
  }

  static void verifyHashFunction(HashFn hashFunction, int hashbits, int expected) {

      checkState(hasMore());
      checkState(previewChar() == c);
      position++;
      return c;
    }

    char previewChar() {
      checkState(hasMore());
      return input.charAt(position);
    }

    boolean hasMore() {
      return (position >= 0) && (position < input.length());
    }
  }

  @Override
  public boolean equals(@CheckForNull Object obj) {