You can import it directly from `fastapi`:

```python
from fastapi import Request
```

!!! tip
    When you want to define dependencies that should be compatible with both HTTP and WebSockets, you can define a parameter that takes an `HTTPConnection` instead of a `Request` or a `WebSocket`.

#### API "schema"

In this case, <a href="https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification" class="external-link" target="_blank">OpenAPI</a> is a specification that dictates how to define a schema of your API.

This schema definition includes your API paths, the possible parameters they take, etc.

#### Data "schema"

The term "schema" might also refer to the shape of some data, like a JSON content.

But it was created before there existed Python type hints. So, to define every <abbr title="the definition of how data should be formed">schema</abbr> you need to use specific utils and classes provided by Marshmallow.

!!! check "Inspired **FastAPI** to"
    Use code to define "schemas" that provide data types and validation, automatically.

### OpenAPI support

OpenAPI doesn't support a way to declare a *path parameter* to contain a *path* inside, as that could lead to scenarios that are difficult to test and define.

Nevertheless, you can still do it in **FastAPI**, using one of the internal tools from Starlette.

And the docs would still work, although not adding any documentation telling that the parameter should contain a path.

    ```

=== "Python 3.8+"

    ```Python hl_lines="9-11  14-15  18  19  23"
    {!> ../../../docs_src/generate_clients/tutorial001.py!}
    ```

Notice that the *path operations* define the models they use for request payload and response payload, using the models `Item` and `ResponseMessage`.

### API Docs

                )
            else:
                return None  # pragma: nocover
        return param


class SecurityScopes:
    """
    This is a special class that you can define in a parameter in a dependency to
    obtain the OAuth2 scopes required by all the dependencies in the same chain.

    This way, multiple dependencies can have different scopes, even when used in the

    {!> ../../../docs_src/query_params_str_validations/tutorial003_py310.py!}
    ```

## 🚮 🥔 🧬

👆 💪 🔬 <abbr title="A regular expression, regex or regexp is a sequence of characters that define a search pattern for strings.">🥔 🧬</abbr> 👈 🔢 🔜 🏏:

=== "🐍 3️⃣.6️⃣ &amp; 🔛"

    ```Python hl_lines="11"
    {!> ../../../docs_src/query_params_str_validations/tutorial004.py!}
    ```

=== "Python 3.8+"

    ```Python hl_lines="31  37"
    {!> ../../../docs_src/response_model/tutorial006.py!}
    ```

## Recap

Use the *path operation decorator's* parameter `response_model` to define response models and especially to ensure private data is filtered out.

It is provided directly by Starlette, but you can import it from `fastapi`:

```python
from fastapi import WebSocket
```

!!! tip
    When you want to define dependencies that should be compatible with both HTTP and WebSockets, you can define a parameter that takes an `HTTPConnection` instead of a `Request` or a `WebSocket`.

::: fastapi.WebSocket
    options:
        members:
            - scope
            - app

# Request Forms and Files

You can define files and form fields at the same time using `File` and `Form`.

!!! info
    To receive uploaded files and/or form data, first install <a href="https://github.com/Kludex/python-multipart" class="external-link" target="_blank">`python-multipart`</a>.

    E.g. `pip install python-multipart`.

## Import `File` and `Form`

=== "Python 3.9+"

    ```Python hl_lines="3"