# Request Parameters

Here's the reference information for the request parameters.

These are the special functions that you can put in *path operation function* parameters or dependency functions with `Annotated` to get data from the request.

It includes:

* `Query()`
* `Path()`
* `Body()`
* `Cookie()`
* `Header()`
* `Form()`
* `File()`

You can import them all directly from `fastapi`:

```python

# Request-Parameter

Hier die Referenzinformationen für die Request-Parameter.

Dies sind die Sonderfunktionen, die Sie mittels `Annotated` in *Pfadoperation-Funktion*-Parameter oder Abhängigkeitsfunktionen einfügen können, um Daten aus dem Request abzurufen.

Dies beinhaltet:

* `Query()`
* `Path()`
* `Body()`
* `Cookie()`
* `Header()`
* `Form()`
* `File()`

Sie können diese alle direkt von `fastapi` importieren:

```python

```
/files/{file_path:path}
```

In this case, the name of the parameter is `file_path`, and the last part, `:path`, tells it that the parameter should match any *path*.

So, you can use it with:

```Python hl_lines="6"
{!../../../docs_src/path_params/tutorial004.py!}
```

!!! tip

It is designed to have functions that receive two parameters, one "request" and one "response". Then you "read" parts from the request, and "write" parts to the response. Because of this design, it is not possible to declare request parameters and bodies with standard Python type hints as function parameters.

# Body - Fields

The same way you can declare additional validation and metadata in *path operation function* parameters with `Query`, `Path` and `Body`, you can declare validation and metadata inside of Pydantic models using Pydantic's `Field`.

## Import `Field`

First, you have to import it:

=== "Python 3.10+"

    ```Python hl_lines="4"
    {!> ../../../docs_src/body_fields/tutorial001_an_py310.py!}
    ```

=== "Python 3.9+"

接收到新的请求时，**FastAPI** 执行如下操作：

* 用正确的参数调用依赖项函数（「可依赖项」）
* 获取函数返回的结果
* 把函数返回的结果赋值给*路径操作函数*的参数

```mermaid
graph TB

common_parameters(["common_parameters"])
read_items["/items/"]
read_users["/users/"]

common_parameters --> read_items
common_parameters --> read_users
```

这样，只编写一次代码，**FastAPI** 就可以为多个*路径操作*共享这段代码 。

!!! check "检查"

    注意，无需创建专门的类，并将之传递给 **FastAPI** 以进行「注册」或执行类似的操作。

# Body - Multiple Parameters

Now that we have seen how to use `Path` and `Query`, let's see more advanced uses of request body declarations.

## Mix `Path`, `Query` and body parameters

First, of course, you can mix `Path`, `Query` and request body parameter declarations freely and **FastAPI** will know what to do.

And you can also declare body parameters as optional, by setting the default to `None`:

=== "Python 3.10+"

    ```Python hl_lines="17  22  24-27"
    {!> ../../../docs_src/response_model/tutorial001.py!}
    ```

!!! note
    Notice that `response_model` is a parameter of the "decorator" method (`get`, `post`, etc). Not of your *path operation function*, like all the parameters and body.

# Cookie Parameters

You can define Cookie parameters the same way you define `Query` and `Path` parameters.

## Import `Cookie`

First import `Cookie`:

=== "Python 3.10+"

    ```Python hl_lines="3"
    {!> ../../../docs_src/cookie_params/tutorial001_an_py310.py!}
    ```

=== "Python 3.9+"

    ```Python hl_lines="3"
    {!> ../../../docs_src/cookie_params/tutorial001_an_py39.py!}
    ```

=== "Python 3.8+"

* Ihre Abhängigkeitsfunktion („Dependable“) mit den richtigen Parametern aufzurufen.
* Sich das Ergebnis von dieser Funktion zu holen.
* Dieses Ergebnis dem Parameter Ihrer *Pfadoperation-Funktion* zuzuweisen.

```mermaid
graph TB

common_parameters(["common_parameters"])
read_items["/items/"]
read_users["/users/"]

common_parameters --> read_items
common_parameters --> read_users
```