#ifndef TENSORFLOW_C_EXPERIMENTAL_FILESYSTEM_PLUGINS_GCS_GCS_HELPER_H_
#define TENSORFLOW_C_EXPERIMENTAL_FILESYSTEM_PLUGINS_GCS_GCS_HELPER_H_

#include <fstream>
#include <string>

class TempFile : public std::fstream {
 public:
  // We should specify openmode each time we call TempFile.
  TempFile(const std::string& temp_file_name, std::ios::openmode mode);
  TempFile(TempFile&& rhs);
  ~TempFile() override;

struct TFE_Op;

namespace tensorflow {

class ImmediateExecutionContext;
class AbstractOpAttrs;

// Abstract interface to an operation.
class ImmediateExecutionOperation : public AbstractOperation {
 public:
  virtual void Clear() = 0;

  // Returns the inputs of this op.
  virtual absl::Span<ImmediateExecutionTensorHandle* const> GetInputs()
      const = 0;
  virtual Status SetInput(size_t index,

/// \brief An LRU cache of string keys and arbitrary values, with configurable
/// max item age (in seconds) and max entries.
///
/// This class is thread safe.
template <typename T>
class ExpiringLRUCache {
 public:
  /// A `max_age` of 0 means that nothing is cached. A `max_entries` of 0 means
  /// that there is no limit on the number of entries in the cache (however, if
  /// `max_age` is also 0, the cache will not be populated).

#include "tensorflow/c/eager/gradients.h"

namespace tensorflow {
namespace gradients {
// Ignores `grad_outputs` and sets all entries in grad_inputs to nullptr.
class NotDifferentiableGradientFunction : public GradientFunction {
  Status Compute(AbstractContext* ctx,
                 absl::Span<AbstractTensorHandle* const> grad_outputs,
                 absl::Span<AbstractTensorHandle*> grad_inputs) override;
};

class AbstractContext {
 protected:
  enum AbstractContextKind { kGraph, kMlir, kEager, kTfrt, kTape, kOpHandler };
  explicit AbstractContext(AbstractContextKind kind) : kind_(kind) {}
  virtual ~AbstractContext() {}

 public:
  AbstractContextKind getKind() const { return kind_; }

  // Release any underlying resources, including the interface object.
  //
  // WARNING: The destructor of this class is marked as protected to disallow

class ParallelTensor;
class DeviceThread;

// Forwards operations to `devices`, maintaining ParallelTensor with components
// placed on each underlying device.
class ParallelDevice {
 public:
  // Eager async execution is only supported when remote eager is not in use
  // (b/157523095).
  explicit ParallelDevice(const std::vector<std::string>& devices,

#include "tensorflow/c/eager/abstract_context.h"
#include "tensorflow/c/experimental/gradients/tape/tape_operation.h"

namespace tensorflow {
namespace gradients {
class TapeContext : public AbstractContext {
 public:
  explicit TapeContext(AbstractContext*, Tape*, const GradientRegistry&);
  void Release() override;
  TapeOperation* CreateOperation() override;
  Status RegisterFunction(AbstractFunction*) override;

// representation between various supported formats e.g. FunctionDef and Mlir
// function.
class AbstractFunction : public core::RefCounted {
 protected:
  enum AbstractFunctionKind { kGraph, kMlir };
  explicit AbstractFunction(AbstractFunctionKind kind) : kind_(kind) {}

 public:
  // Returns which subclass is this instance of.
  AbstractFunctionKind getKind() const { return kind_; }

#include "tensorflow/c/eager/abstract_operation.h"
#include "tensorflow/c/eager/gradients.h"

namespace tensorflow {
namespace gradients {
class TapeOperation : public AbstractOperation {
 public:
  explicit TapeOperation(AbstractOperation*, Tape*, const GradientRegistry&);
  void Release() override;
  Status Reset(const char* op, const char* raw_device_name) override;

namespace tensorflow {
namespace parallel_device {

// A helper for performing common operations on variables. A much more
// restricted stand-in for tf.Variable in Python.
class Variable {
 public:
  // Construct a Variable from a resource-dtype TFE_TensorHandle and an
  // indication of the dtype of the variable's value.
  //
  // Note that creating this resource-dtype handle can fail, so `Create` is a