@VisibleForTesting
  static WildcardType supertypeOf(Type lowerBound) {
    return new WildcardTypeImpl(new Type[] {lowerBound}, new Type[] {Object.class});
  }

  /**
   * Returns a human-readable string representation of {@code type}.
   *
   * <p>The format is subject to change.
   */
  static String toString(Type type) {
    return (type instanceof Class) ? ((Class<?>) type).getName() : type.toString();