* named analogously to their {@code BigInteger} counterparts.
 *
 * <p>The implementations of many methods in this class are based on material from Henry S. Warren,
 * Jr.'s <i>Hacker's Delight</i>, (Addison Wesley, 2002).
 *
 * <p>Similar functionality for {@code long} and for {@link BigInteger} can be found in {@link
 * LongMath} and {@link BigIntegerMath} respectively. For other common operations on {@code int}

  private static final int CRC32C_GENERATOR = 0x1EDC6F41; // 0x11EDC6F41
  private static final int CRC32C_GENERATOR_FLIPPED = Integer.reverse(CRC32C_GENERATOR);

  public void testCrc32cByteTable() {
    // See Hacker's Delight 2nd Edition, Figure 14-7.
    int[] expected = new int[256];
    for (int i = 0; i < expected.length; i++) {
      int crc = i;
      for (int j = 7; j >= 0; j--) {
        int mask = -(crc & 1);

  private static final int CRC32C_GENERATOR = 0x1EDC6F41; // 0x11EDC6F41
  private static final int CRC32C_GENERATOR_FLIPPED = Integer.reverse(CRC32C_GENERATOR);

  public void testCrc32cByteTable() {
    // See Hacker's Delight 2nd Edition, Figure 14-7.
    int[] expected = new int[256];
    for (int i = 0; i < expected.length; i++) {
      int crc = i;
      for (int j = 7; j >= 0; j--) {
        int mask = -(crc & 1);

import java.util.List;

/**
 * A class for arithmetic on values of type {@code BigInteger}.
 *
 * <p>The implementations of many methods in this class are based on material from Henry S. Warren,
 * Jr.'s <i>Hacker's Delight</i>, (Addison Wesley, 2002).
 *
 * <p>Similar functionality for {@code int} and for {@code long} can be found in {@link IntMath} and
 * {@link LongMath} respectively.
 *
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 * @since 11.0

 * named analogously to their {@code BigInteger} counterparts.
 *
 * <p>The implementations of many methods in this class are based on material from Henry S. Warren,
 * Jr.'s <i>Hacker's Delight</i>, (Addison Wesley, 2002).
 *
 * <p>Similar functionality for {@code int} and for {@link BigInteger} can be found in {@link
 * IntMath} and {@link BigIntegerMath} respectively. For other common operations on {@code long}

necessary.  Here is a sample; alter the names:

  Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the
  library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random
  Hacker.

  {signature of Ty Coon}, 1 April 1990
  Ty Coon, President of Vice

necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:

    Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the
    program `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by
    James Hacker.

    signature of Ty Coon, 1 April 1989
    Ty Coon, President of Vice

This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you

-mandalorian:before{content:"\f50f"}.fa-map:before{content:"\f279"}.fa-map-marked:before{content:"\f59f"}.fa-map-marked-alt:before{content:"\f5a0"}.fa-map-marker:before{content:"\f041"}.fa-map-marker-alt:before{content:"\f3c5"}.fa-map-pin:before{content:"\f276"}.fa-map-signs:before{content:"\f277"}.fa-markdown:before{content:"\f60f"}.fa-marker:before{content:"\f5a1"}.fa-mars:before{content:"\f222"}.fa-mars-double:before{content:"\f227"}.fa-mars-stroke:before{content:"\f229"}.fa-mars-stroke-h:bef...

-mandalorian:before{content:"\f50f"}.fa-map:before{content:"\f279"}.fa-map-marked:before{content:"\f59f"}.fa-map-marked-alt:before{content:"\f5a0"}.fa-map-marker:before{content:"\f041"}.fa-map-marker-alt:before{content:"\f3c5"}.fa-map-pin:before{content:"\f276"}.fa-map-signs:before{content:"\f277"}.fa-markdown:before{content:"\f60f"}.fa-marker:before{content:"\f5a1"}.fa-mars:before{content:"\f222"}.fa-mars-double:before{content:"\f227"}.fa-mars-stroke:before{content:"\f229"}.fa-mars-stroke-h:bef...

@ElementTypesAreNonnullByDefault
public abstract class Ticker {
  /** Constructor for use by subclasses. */
  protected Ticker() {}

  /** Returns the number of nanoseconds elapsed since this ticker's fixed point of reference. */
  public abstract long read();

  /**
   * A ticker that reads the current time using {@link System#nanoTime}.
   *
   * @since 10.0
   */
  public static Ticker systemTicker() {
    return SYSTEM_TICKER;
  }