```Python hl_lines="9"
{!../../../docs_src/query_params/tutorial001.py!}
```

The query is the set of key-value pairs that go after the `?` in a URL, separated by `&` characters.

For example, in the URL:

```
http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/?skip=0&limit=10
```

...the query parameters are:

* `skip`: with a value of `0`

    "completed": False,
}
```

✋️ ⚫️ 🚫 ✔️ `id` 🏑.

👥 ✍ 🆕 `dict`, 👈 🔌 🔑-💲 👫 ⚪️➡️ `note.dict()` ⏮️:

```Python
{**note.dict()}
```

`**note.dict()` "unpacks" the key value pairs directly, so, `{**note.dict()}` would be, more or less, a copy of `note.dict()`.

& ⤴️, 👥 ↔ 👈 📁 `dict`, ❎ ➕1️⃣ 🔑-💲 👫: `"id": last_record_id`:

```Python
{**note.dict(), "id": last_record_id}
```

    "completed": False,
}
```

but it doesn't have the `id` field.

So we create a new `dict`, that contains the key-value pairs from `note.dict()` with:

```Python
{**note.dict()}
```

`**note.dict()` "unpacks" the key value pairs directly, so, `{**note.dict()}` would be, more or less, a copy of `note.dict()`.

```Python hl_lines="4  11  15-18"
{!../../../docs_src/templates/tutorial001.py!}
```

!!! note
    Before FastAPI 0.108.0, Starlette 0.29.0, the `name` was the first parameter.

    Also, before that, in previous versions, the `request` object was passed as part of the key-value pairs in the context for Jinja2.

!!! tip

```Python
old_dict = {
    "old key": "old value",
    "second old key": "second old value",
}
new_dict = {**old_dict, "new key": "new value"}
```

Here, `new_dict` will contain all the key-value pairs from `old_dict` plus the new key-value pair:

```Python
{
    "old key": "old value",
    "second old key": "second old value",
    "new key": "new value",
}
```

Pass `*`, as the first parameter of the function.

Python won't do anything with that `*`, but it will know that all the following parameters should be called as keyword arguments (key-value pairs), also known as <abbr title="From: K-ey W-ord Arg-uments"><code>kwargs</code></abbr>. Even if they don't have a default value.

```Python hl_lines="7"
{!../../../docs_src/path_params_numeric_validations/tutorial003.py!}
```

    `item.dict()`

    and then we are passing the `dict`'s key-value pairs as the keyword arguments to the SQLAlchemy `Item`, with:

    `Item(**item.dict())`

    And then we pass the extra keyword argument `owner_id` that is not provided by the Pydantic *model*, with: