*       <i>any</i> eight bits could be consistently used.
 *   <li><b>cryptographic:</b> certain hash functions such as {@link Hashing#sha512} are designed to
 *       make it as infeasible as possible to reverse-engineer the input that produced a given hash
 *       code, or even to discover <i>any</i> two distinct inputs that yield the same result. These
 *       are called <i>cryptographic hash functions</i>. But, whenever it is learned that either of