enormous amount of work.

Cgo takes a different approach. It determines the meaning of C
identifiers not by parsing C code but by feeding carefully constructed
programs into the system C compiler and interpreting the generated
error messages, debug information, and object files. In practice,
parsing these is significantly less work and more robust than parsing
C source.

Cgo first invokes gcc -E -dM on the preamble, in order to find out

			// Instead, turn it into a new Error that will return
			// details for all the errors.
			for _, e := range list {
				fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, e)
			}
			os.Exit(2)
		}
		fatalf("parsing %s: %s", name, err)
	}
	return ast1
}

func sourceLine(n ast.Node) int {
	return fset.Position(n.Pos()).Line
}

// ParseGo populates f with information learned from the Go source code

	for _, v := range vectors {
		var p parser
		got := p.parseNumeric([]byte(v.in))
		ok := (p.err == nil)
		if ok != v.ok {
			if v.ok {
				t.Errorf("parseNumeric(%q): got parsing failure, want success", v.in)
			} else {
				t.Errorf("parseNumeric(%q): got parsing success, want failure", v.in)
			}
		}
		if ok && got != v.want {
			t.Errorf("parseNumeric(%q): got %d, want %d", v.in, got, v.want)
		}
	}
}

func newParser(goarch string) *Parser {
	architecture, ctxt := setArch(goarch)
	return NewParser(ctxt, architecture, nil)
}

// tryParse executes parse func in panicOnError=true context.
// parse is expected to call any parsing methods that may panic.
// Returns error gathered from recover; nil if no parse errors occurred.
//
// For unexpected panics, calls t.Fatal.
func tryParse(t *testing.T, parse func()) (err error) {
	panicOnError = true

// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

//go:build gc

#include "_cgo_export.h"
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

/* Test calling panic from C.  This is what SWIG does.  */

extern void crosscall2(void (*fn)(void *, int), void *, int);
extern void _cgo_panic(void *, int);
extern void _cgo_allocate(void *, int);

void
callPanic(void)
{

	runArgs := append([]string{"run", "."}, args...)
	cmd := exec.Command("go", runArgs...)
	cmd.Dir = dir
	if lto {
		const cflags = "-flto -Wno-lto-type-mismatch -Wno-unknown-warning-option"
		cmd.Env = append(cmd.Environ(),
			"CGO_CFLAGS="+cflags,
			"CGO_CXXFLAGS="+cflags,
			"CGO_LDFLAGS="+cflags)
	}
	out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
	if string(out) != "OK\n" {

	{"byte", iotest.OneByteReader},
	{"half", iotest.HalfReader},
	{"data+err", iotest.DataErrReader},
	{"timeout", iotest.TimeoutReader},
}

// Call ReadString (which ends up calling everything else)
// to accumulate the text of a file.
func readLines(b *Reader) string {
	s := ""
	for {
		s1, err := b.ReadString('\n')
		if err == io.EOF {
			break
		}

		check(t, testname+" (fill 4)", buf, s)
	}
	return s
}

func TestNewBuffer(t *testing.T) {
	buf := NewBuffer(testBytes)
	check(t, "NewBuffer", buf, testString)
}

var buf Buffer

// Calling NewBuffer and immediately shallow copying the Buffer struct
// should not result in any allocations.
// This can be used to reset the underlying []byte of an existing Buffer.
func TestNewBufferShallow(t *testing.T) {

or, for function parameters and results, the signature
of a <a href="#Function_declarations">function declaration</a>
or <a href="#Function_literals">function literal</a> reserves
storage for a named variable.

Calling the built-in function <a href="#Allocation"><code>new</code></a>
or taking the address of a <a href="#Composite_literals">composite literal</a>
allocates storage for a variable at run time.

		i := strings.IndexRune(name, '=')
		if i > 0 {
			name, value = name[:i], name[i+1:]
		}
		tokens := Tokenize(name)
		if len(tokens) != 1 || tokens[0].ScanToken != scanner.Ident {
			fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "asm: parsing -D: %q is not a valid identifier name\n", tokens[0])
			flags.Usage()
		}
		macros[name] = &Macro{
			name:   name,
			args:   nil,
			tokens: Tokenize(value),
		}
	}
	return macros
}