* also be called their <i>union</i>. If they are not, note that the span might contain values
   * that are not contained in either input range.
   *
   * <p>Like {@link #intersection(Range) intersection}, this operation is commutative, associative
   * and idempotent. Unlike it, it is always well-defined for any two input ranges.
   */
  public Range<C> span(Range<C> other) {

 *
 * <p>Unlike {@code java.util.HashSet}, iteration is only proportional to the actual {@code size()},
 * which is optimal, and <i>not</i> the size of the internal hashtable, which could be much larger
 * than {@code size()}. Furthermore, this structure only depends on a fixed number of arrays; {@code
 * add(x)} operations <i>do not</i> create objects for the garbage collector to deal with, and for

  /**
   * The keys of the entries in the map, in the range of [0, size()). The keys in [size(),
   * keys.length) are all {@code null}.
   */
  @VisibleForTesting @CheckForNull transient @Nullable Object[] keys;

  /**
   * The values of the entries in the map, in the range of [0, size()). The values in [size(),
   * values.length) are all {@code null}.
   */

 * use a framework. Frameworks automate the process, often adding features like monitoring,
 * debugging, and cancellation. Examples of frameworks include:
 *
 * <ul>
 *   <li><a href="https://dagger.dev/producers.html">Dagger Producers</a>
 * </ul>
 *
 * <h4>{@link java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture} / {@link java.util.concurrent.CompletionStage}
 * </h4>
 *

in the lock, and to her great delight it fitted!

  Alice opened the door and found that it led into a small
passage, not much larger than a rat-hole:  she knelt down and
looked along the passage into the loveliest garden you ever saw.
How she longed to get out of that dark hall, and wander about
among those beds of bright flowers and those cool fountains, but
she could not even get her head though the doorway; `and even if

        <!--
            In order to build and run the tests against JDK 18+, we need to pass java.security.manager=allow, to make
            the deprecated 'java.lang.SecurityManager' available for use.
         -->
        <jdk>[18,]</jdk>
      </activation>
      <properties>
        <test.add.args>-Djava.security.manager=allow</test.add.args>
      </properties>
    </profile>
  </profiles>

  public static void testSubtypeOfStaticAnonymousClass() {
    Class<?> superclass = new Mall<Outdoor>().new Shop<Electronics>() {}.getClass();
    assertTrue(TypeToken.of(superclass).isSubtypeOf(superclass));
    assertFalse(
        TypeToken.of(new Mall<Outdoor>().new Shop<Electronics>() {}.getClass())
            .isSubtypeOf(superclass));
  }

  @SuppressWarnings("RestrictedApiChecker") // crashes under JDK8, which EP no longer supports

    "Java7ApiChecker",
  })
  @IgnoreJRERequirement
  static long toNanosSaturated(Duration duration) {
    // Using a try/catch seems lazy, but the catch block will rarely get invoked (except for
    // durations longer than approximately +/- 292 years).
    try {
      return duration.toNanos();
    } catch (ArithmeticException tooBig) {
      return duration.isNegative() ? Long.MIN_VALUE : Long.MAX_VALUE;
    }
  }

    "Java7ApiChecker",
  })
  @IgnoreJRERequirement
  static long toNanosSaturated(Duration duration) {
    // Using a try/catch seems lazy, but the catch block will rarely get invoked (except for
    // durations longer than approximately +/- 292 years).
    try {
      return duration.toNanos();
    } catch (ArithmeticException tooBig) {
      return duration.isNegative() ? Long.MIN_VALUE : Long.MAX_VALUE;
    }
  }

 * features}, the features supported by the iterator; and {@code expectedElements}, the elements the
 * iterator should return in order.
 *
 * <p>The items in {@code elementsToInsert} will be repeated if {@code steps} is larger than the
 * number of provided elements.
 *
 * @author Chris Povirk
 */
@GwtCompatible
@ElementTypesAreNonnullByDefault
public abstract class ListIteratorTester<E extends @Nullable Object>