if _, isZero := rel.Field.ValueOf(ctx, value); !isZero {
				result := reflect.Indirect(rel.Field.ReflectValueOf(ctx, value))
				switch result.Kind() {
				case reflect.Struct:
					reflectResults = reflect.Append(reflectResults, result.Addr())
				case reflect.Slice, reflect.Array:
					for i := 0; i < result.Len(); i++ {
						if elem := result.Index(i); elem.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {

	// prepend asterisks
	return append([]byte("***"), data...), nil
}

type Num int64

func (i *Num) Scan(src interface{}) error {
	switch s := src.(type) {
	case []byte:
		n, _ := strconv.Atoi(string(s))
		*i = Num(n)
	case int64:
		*i = Num(s)
	default:
		return errors.New("Cannot scan NamedInt from " + reflect.ValueOf(src).String())
	}
	return nil
}

type StringsSlice []string

	tx := db.Session(&gorm.Session{NewDB: true})
	if called := fc(db.Statement.ReflectValue.Interface(), tx); !called {
		switch db.Statement.ReflectValue.Kind() {
		case reflect.Slice, reflect.Array:
			db.Statement.CurDestIndex = 0
			for i := 0; i < db.Statement.ReflectValue.Len(); i++ {
				if value := reflect.Indirect(db.Statement.ReflectValue.Index(i)); value.CanAddr() {

			}},
			"SELECT * FROM `users` GROUP BY `role`,`gender` HAVING `role` = ? AND `gender` <> ?",
			[]interface{}{"admin", "U"},
		},
	}

	for idx, result := range results {
		t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("case #%v", idx), func(t *testing.T) {
			checkBuildClauses(t, result.Clauses, result.Result, result.Vars)
		})
	}

				},
			},
			"SELECT * FROM `users` INNER JOIN `articles` ON `articles`.`id` = `users`.`id` LEFT JOIN `companies` USING (`company_name`)", nil,
		},
	}

	for idx, result := range results {
		t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("case #%v", idx), func(t *testing.T) {
			checkBuildClauses(t, result.Clauses, result.Result, result.Vars)
		})
	}

					}),
				}}},
			"SELECT * FROM `users` WHERE NOT ((`users`.`id` = ? AND `age` > ?) OR `score` < ?)",
			[]interface{}{"1", 18, 100},
		},
	}

	for idx, result := range results {
		t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("case #%v", idx), func(t *testing.T) {
			checkBuildClauses(t, result.Clauses, result.Result, result.Vars)
		})
	}

				"Birthday", "CompanyID", "ManagerID", "Active")
		}
	})
}

func tidbSkip(t *testing.T, reason string) {
	if isTiDB() {
		t.Skipf("This test case skipped, because of TiDB '%s'", reason)
	}
}

func isTiDB() bool {
	return os.Getenv("GORM_DIALECT") == "tidb"
}

func isMysql() bool {
	return os.Getenv("GORM_DIALECT") == "mysql"
}

	if err := DB.First(&User{}, "name = ?", "transaction-2").Error; err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("Should be able to find committed record, but got %v", err)
	}

	t.Run("this is test nested transaction and prepareStmt coexist case", func(t *testing.T) {
		// enable prepare statement
		tx3 := DB.Session(&gorm.Session{PrepareStmt: true})
		if err := tx3.Transaction(func(tx4 *gorm.DB) error {
			// nested transaction

			}
		case clause.Interface:
			c := clause.Clause{Name: v.Name()}
			v.MergeClause(&c)
			c.Build(stmt)
		case clause.Expression:
			v.Build(stmt)
		case driver.Valuer:
			stmt.Vars = append(stmt.Vars, v)
			stmt.DB.Dialector.BindVarTo(writer, stmt, v)
		case []byte:
			stmt.Vars = append(stmt.Vars, v)
			stmt.DB.Dialector.BindVarTo(writer, stmt, v)
		case []interface{}:
			if len(v) > 0 {

	switch reflectValue.Kind() {
	case reflect.Struct:
		switch rel.Type {
		case schema.HasMany, schema.Many2Many:
			tx.AddError(rel.Field.Set(tx.Statement.Context, reflectValue, reflect.MakeSlice(rel.Field.IndirectFieldType, 0, 10).Interface()))
		default:
			tx.AddError(rel.Field.Set(tx.Statement.Context, reflectValue, reflect.New(rel.Field.FieldType).Interface()))
		}
	case reflect.Slice, reflect.Array: