# Controllers

Istio has a variety of [controllers](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/architecture/controller/), which basically watch some inputs and do something.
This can be reading from Kubernetes and writing other objects back, writing to proxies over XDS, etc.

Unfortunately, writing controllers is very error prone, even for seemingly simple cases.
To work around this, Istio has a variety of abstractions meant to make writing controllers easier.

## Clients

```

### 3. Configuring Prometheus

#### 3.1 Authenticated Prometheus config

> If MinIO is configured to expose metrics without authentication, you don't need to use `mc` to generate prometheus config. You can skip reading further and move to 3.2 section.

And you want to have a way for the frontend to authenticate with the backend, using a **username** and **password**.

We can use **OAuth2** to build that with **FastAPI**.

But let's save you the time of reading the full long specification just to find those little pieces of information you need.

Let's use the tools provided by **FastAPI** to handle security.

## How it looks

## 🔑 👨‍💼

### ⚫️❔ "🔑 👨‍💼"

"🔑 👨‍💼" 🙆 👈 🐍 🎚 👈 👆 💪 ⚙️ `with` 📄.

🖼, <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/inputoutput.html#reading-and-writing-files" class="external-link" target="_blank">👆 💪 ⚙️ `with` ✍ 📁</a>:

```Python
with open("./somefile.txt") as f:
    contents = f.read()
    print(contents)
```

      if (this.errorCode == null) {
        this.errorCode = errorCode
        condition.signalAll()
      }
    }
  }

  /**
   * Returns true if read timeouts should be enforced while reading response headers or body bytes.
   * We always do timeouts in the HTTP server role. For clients, we only do timeouts after the
   * request is transmitted. This is only interesting for duplex calls where the request and

## Recap

You have been reading here some of the main concepts that you would probably need to keep in mind when deciding how to deploy your application:

* Security - HTTPS
* Running on startup
* Restarts

    * PR [#593](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/593).
* Improve handling of custom classes for `Request`s and `APIRoute`s.
    * This helps to more easily solve use cases like:
        * Reading a body before and/or after a request (equivalent to a middleware).
        * Run middleware-like code only for a subset of *path operations*.

That's why in this example we have to declare it in the `response_model` parameter.

...but continue reading below to see how to overcome that.

## Return Type and Data Filtering

Let's continue from the previous example. We wanted to **annotate the function with one type** but return something that includes **more data**.

### <a href="https://webargs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Webargs</a>

Another big feature required by APIs is <abbr title="reading and converting to Python data">parsing</abbr> data from incoming requests.

Webargs is a tool that was made to provide that on top of several frameworks, including Flask.

!!! check "😮 **FastAPI** "
    ⚙️ 📟 🔬 "🔗" 👈 🚚 💽 🆎 & 🔬, 🔁.

### <a href="https://webargs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Webarg</a>

➕1️⃣ 🦏 ⚒ ✔ 🔗 <abbr title="reading and converting to Python data">✍</abbr> 📊 ⚪️➡️ 📨 📨.

Webarg 🧰 👈 ⚒ 🚚 👈 🔛 🔝 📚 🛠️, 🔌 🏺.

⚫️ ⚙️ 🍭 🔘 💽 🔬. &amp; ⚫️ ✍ 🎏 👩‍💻.

⚫️ 👑 🧰 &amp; 👤 ✔️ ⚙️ ⚫️ 📚 💁‍♂️, ⏭ ✔️ **FastAPI**.

!!! info