if field == nil {
			continue
		}

		if len(joinFields) == 0 || len(joinFields[idx]) == 0 {
			db.AddError(field.Set(db.Statement.Context, reflectValue, values[idx]))
		} else { // joinFields count is larger than 2 when using join
			var isNilPtrValue bool
			var relValue reflect.Value
			// does not contain raw dbname
			nestedJoinSchemas := joinFields[idx][:len(joinFields[idx])-1]
			// current reflect value

		"EmployeeID":                "employee_id",
		"SKU_ID":                    "sku_id",
		"FieldX":                    "field_x",
		"HTTPAndSMTP":               "http_and_smtp",
		"HTTPServerHandlerForURLID": "http_server_handler_for_url_id",
		"UUID":                      "uuid",
		"HTTPURL":                   "http_url",
		"HTTP_URL":                  "http_url",
		"SHA256Hash":                "sha256_hash",

		Find(&result).Error

	if err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("failed to preload and find users: %v", err)
	}

	AssertEqual(t, result, users)
	AssertEqual(t, len(query), 2) // Check preload queries are merged

	if !regexp.MustCompile(`SELECT \* FROM .*tools.* WHERE .*IN.*`).MatchString(query[0]) {
		t.Fatalf("Expected first query to preload manager tools, got: %s", query[0])
	}
}

		builder.WriteString(update.Modifier)
		builder.WriteByte(' ')
	}

	if update.Table.Name == "" {
		builder.WriteQuoted(currentTable)
	} else {
		builder.WriteQuoted(update.Table)
	}
}

// MergeClause merge update clause
func (update Update) MergeClause(clause *Clause) {
	if v, ok := clause.Expression.(Update); ok {
		if update.Modifier == "" {
			update.Modifier = v.Modifier
		}
		if update.Table.Name == "" {

				builder.WriteByte(',')
			}

			builder.WriteByte('(')
			builder.AddVar(builder, value...)
			builder.WriteByte(')')
		}
	} else {
		builder.WriteString("DEFAULT VALUES")
	}
}

// MergeClause merge values clauses
func (values Values) MergeClause(clause *Clause) {
	clause.Name = ""
	clause.Expression = values

			builder.WriteByte(',')
		}

		builder.WriteQuoted(column)
	}

	if len(groupBy.Having) > 0 {
		builder.WriteString(" HAVING ")
		Where{Exprs: groupBy.Having}.Build(builder)
	}
}

// MergeClause merge group by clause
func (groupBy GroupBy) MergeClause(clause *Clause) {
	if v, ok := clause.Expression.(GroupBy); ok {
		copiedColumns := make([]Column, len(v.Columns))
		copy(copiedColumns, v.Columns)

		onConflict.DoUpdates.Build(builder)
	}

	if len(onConflict.Where.Exprs) > 0 {
		builder.WriteString(" WHERE ")
		onConflict.Where.Build(builder)
		builder.WriteByte(' ')
	}
}

// MergeClause merge onConflict clauses
func (onConflict OnConflict) MergeClause(clause *Clause) {
	clause.Expression = onConflict

		// SQLCMDPASSWORD=LoremIpsum86 sqlcmd -U sa -S localhost:9930
		// CREATE DATABASE gorm;
		// GO
		// CREATE LOGIN gorm WITH PASSWORD = 'LoremIpsum86';
		// CREATE USER gorm FROM LOGIN gorm;
		// ALTER SERVER ROLE sysadmin ADD MEMBER [gorm];
		// GO
		log.Println("testing sqlserver...")
		if dbDSN == "" {
			dbDSN = sqlserverDSN
		}
		db, err = gorm.Open(sqlserver.Open(dbDSN), cfg)
	case "tidb":

		}

		if wrapInParentheses {
			builder.WriteByte('(')
			expr.Build(builder)
			builder.WriteByte(')')
			wrapInParentheses = false
		} else {
			expr.Build(builder)
		}
	}
}

// MergeClause merge where clauses
func (where Where) MergeClause(clause *Clause) {
	if w, ok := clause.Expression.(Where); ok {
		exprs := make([]Expression, len(w.Exprs)+len(where.Exprs))
		copy(exprs, w.Exprs)

}

func TestToSQL(t *testing.T) {
	// By default DB.DryRun should false
	if DB.DryRun {
		t.Fatal("Failed expect DB.DryRun to be false")
	}

	if DB.Dialector.Name() == "sqlserver" {
		t.Skip("Skip SQL Server for this test, because it too difference with other dialects.")
	}

	date, _ := time.ParseInLocation("2006-01-02", "2021-10-18", time.Local)

	// find
	sql := DB.ToSQL(func(tx *gorm.DB) *gorm.DB {