*       thoroughly as possible.
 *   <li><b>bit-dispersing:</b> masking out any <i>single bit</i> from a hash code should yield only
 *       the expected <i>twofold</i> increase to all collision rates. Informally, the "information"
 *       in the hash code should be as evenly "spread out" through the hash code's bits as possible.
 *       The result is that, for example, when choosing a bucket in a hash table of size 2^8,