if mod_name in sys.modules:
        del sys.modules[mod_name]
    monkeypatch.setenv("ADMIN_EMAIL", "******@****.***")
    main_mod = importlib.import_module(mod_name)
    return TestClient(main_mod.app)


def test_settings_validation_error(mod_name: str, monkeypatch: MonkeyPatch):
    monkeypatch.delenv("ADMIN_EMAIL", raising=False)
    if mod_name in sys.modules:

Um einen **Request**body zu deklarieren, verwenden Sie <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Pydantic</a>-Modelle mit all deren Fähigkeiten und Vorzügen.

/// info | Info

Um Daten zu senden, sollten Sie eines von: `POST` (meistverwendet), `PUT`, `DELETE` oder `PATCH` verwenden.

/// tip | Tipp

Damit das funktioniert, müssen Sie `pip install python-dotenv` ausführen.

///

### Die `.env`-Datei { #the-env-file }

Sie könnten eine `.env`-Datei haben, mit:

```bash

import importlib
from textwrap import dedent

import pytest
from dirty_equals import IsList
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from ...utils import needs_py310

DESCRIPTIONS = {
    "tutorial003": "Create an item with all the information, name, description, price, tax and a set of unique tags",
    "tutorial004": dedent("""
        Create an item with all the information:

        - **name**: each item must have a name

            ]
        )

        # Delete a hero
        response = client.delete(f"/heroes/{hero_id}")
        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
        assert response.json() == snapshot({"ok": True})

        response = client.get(f"/heroes/{hero_id}")
        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text

        response = client.delete(f"/heroes/{hero_id}")

    monkeypatch.setenv("ADMIN_EMAIL", "******@****.***")
    settings = main_mod.get_settings()
    assert settings.app_name == "Awesome API"
    assert settings.admin_email == "******@****.***"
    assert settings.items_per_user == 50


def test_endpoint(main_mod: ModuleType, monkeypatch: MonkeyPatch):
    monkeypatch.setenv("ADMIN_EMAIL", "******@****.***")

from pytest import MonkeyPatch


@pytest.fixture(name="app", params=[pytest.param("tutorial001_py39")])
def get_app(request: pytest.FixtureRequest, monkeypatch: MonkeyPatch):
    monkeypatch.setenv("ADMIN_EMAIL", "******@****.***")
    mod = importlib.import_module(f"docs_src.settings.{request.param}")
    return mod.app


def test_settings(app):
    client = TestClient(app)
    response = client.get("/info")

        )

        # Delete a hero
        response = client.delete(f"/heroes/{hero_id}")
        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
        assert response.json() == snapshot({"ok": True})

        # The hero is no longer found
        response = client.get(f"/heroes/{hero_id}")
        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text

        # Delete a hero that does not exist

    return {"item_id": item_id}


def get_not_decorated(item_id: str):
    return {"item_id": item_id}


app.add_api_route("/items-not-decorated/{item_id}", get_not_decorated)


@app.delete("/items/{item_id}")
def delete_item(item_id: str, item: Item):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "item": item}


@app.head("/items/{item_id}")
def head_item(item_id: str):

Confira as dicas de anotação no código acima para ver mais detalhes específicos.

## Saiba Mais { #learn-more }

Você também pode combinar `dataclasses` com outros modelos Pydantic, herdar deles, incluí-los em seus próprios modelos, etc.

Para saber mais, confira a <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/concepts/dataclasses/" class="external-link" target="_blank">documentação do Pydantic sobre dataclasses</a>.