/// tip

Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.

///

```Python hl_lines="10"
{!> ../../docs_src/security/tutorial001.py!}
```

////

But that is still not that useful.

Let's make it give us the current user.

## Create a user model

First, let's create a Pydantic user model.

The same way we use Pydantic to declare bodies, we can use it anywhere else:

under the License.
-->

<toolchains>
  <toolchain>
     <type>basic</type>
     <configuration>
       <user>true</user>
     </configuration>
  </toolchain>
  <toolchain>
     <type>rare</type>
     <configuration>
       <user>true</user>
     </configuration>
  </toolchain>

When one of these security schemes uses OAuth2, you can also declare and use scopes.

Each "scope" is just a string (without spaces).

They are normally used to declare specific security permissions, for example:

* `users:read` or `users:write` are common examples.
* `instagram_basic` is used by Facebook / Instagram.
* `https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive` is used by Google.

/// info

Instead, you want to provide a different dependency that will be used only during tests (possibly only some specific tests), and will provide a value that can be used where the value of the original dependency was used.

### Use cases: external service

An example could be that you have an external authentication provider that you need to call.

You send it a token and it returns an authenticated user.

    /**
     * Gets the user properties to use for interpolation and profile activation. The user properties have been
     * configured directly by the user on his discretion, e.g. via the {@code -Dkey=value} parameter on the command
     * line.
     *
     * @return The user properties, never {@code null}.
     */
    Properties getUserProperties();

    /**

## Custom CDN for JavaScript and CSS

Let's say that you want to use a different <abbr title="Content Delivery Network">CDN</abbr>, for example you want to use `https://unpkg.com/`.

This could be useful if for example you live in a country that restricts some URLs.

### Disable the automatic docs

The first step is to disable the automatic docs, as by default, those use the default CDN.

In some situations, you might need to use a **proxy** server like Traefik or Nginx with a configuration that adds an extra path prefix that is not seen by your application.

In these cases you can use `root_path` to configure your application.

The `root_path` is a mechanism provided by the ASGI specification (that FastAPI is built on, through Starlette).

The `root_path` is used to handle these specific cases.

## Use cases

Some use cases include:

* Converting non-JSON request bodies to JSON (e.g. <a href="https://msgpack.org/index.html" class="external-link" target="_blank">`msgpack`</a>).
* Decompressing gzip-compressed request bodies.
* Automatically logging all request bodies.

## Handling custom request body encodings

Let's see how to make use of a custom `Request` subclass to decompress gzip requests.

These features are what Marshmallow was built to provide. It is a great library, and I have used it a lot before.

But it was created before there existed Python type hints. So, to define every <abbr title="the definition of how data should be formed">schema</abbr> you need to use specific utils and classes provided by Marshmallow.

/// check | "Inspired **FastAPI** to"

Use code to define "schemas" that provide data types and validation, automatically.

/// tip

You could use any other SQL or NoSQL database library you want (in some cases called <abbr title="Object Relational Mapper, a fancy term for a library where some classes represent SQL tables and instances represent rows in those tables">"ORMs"</abbr>), FastAPI doesn't force you to use anything. 😎

///