* It takes each **request** that comes to your application.
* It can then do something to that **request** or run any needed code.
* Then it passes the **request** to be processed by the rest of the application (by some *path operation*).
* It then takes the **response** generated by the application (by some *path operation*).

      if (iterations >= maxIterations) {
        @SuppressWarnings("nullness") // safe because we pass sort() a range that contains real Ts
        T[] castBuffer = (T[]) buffer;
        // We've already taken O(k log k), let's make sure we don't take longer than O(k log k).
        sort(castBuffer, left, right + 1, comparator);
        break;
      }
    }
    bufferSize = k;

### `HTMLResponse` { #htmlresponse }

Takes some text or bytes and returns an HTML response, as you read above.

### `PlainTextResponse` { #plaintextresponse }

Takes some text or bytes and returns a plain text response.

{* ../../docs_src/custom_response/tutorial005_py39.py hl[2,7,9] *}

### `JSONResponse` { #jsonresponse }

Takes some data and returns an `application/json` encoded response.

## Mounting a **FastAPI** application { #mounting-a-fastapi-application }

"Mounting" means adding a completely "independent" application in a specific path, that then takes care of handling everything under that path, with the _path operations_ declared in that sub-application.

### Top-level application { #top-level-application }

  }

  // TODO(cpovirk): instead of skipping, use a smaller number of steps
  @GwtIncompatible // works but takes 5 minutes to run
  public void testPeekingIteratorBehavesLikeIteratorOnThreeElementIterable() {
    actsLikeIteratorHelper(Lists.newArrayList("A", "B", "C"));
  }

  @GwtIncompatible // works but takes 5 minutes to run
  public void testPeekingIteratorAcceptsNullElements() {

	x.Client, err = x.NewClient(userName, password, authzID)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	x.ClientConversation = x.NewConversation()
	return nil
}

// Step takes a string provided from a server (or just an empty string for the
// very first conversation step) and attempts to move the authentication
// conversation forward.  It returns a string to be sent to the server or an

#### Fix it with `secrets.compare_digest()` { #fix-it-with-secrets-compare-digest }

But in our code we are actually using `secrets.compare_digest()`.

In short, it will take the same time to compare `stanleyjobsox` to `stanleyjobson` than it takes to compare `johndoe` to `stanleyjobson`. And the same for the password.

{* ../../docs_src/security/tutorial002_an_py310.py hl[25] *}

## Get the user { #get-the-user }

`get_current_user` will use a (fake) utility function we created, that takes a token as a `str` and returns our Pydantic `User` model:

{* ../../docs_src/security/tutorial002_an_py310.py hl[19:22,26:27] *}

## Inject the current user { #inject-the-current-user }

The cashier goes to the kitchen.

You wait, standing in front of the counter 🕙, so that no one else takes your burgers before you do, as there are no numbers for turns.

<img src="/img/async/parallel-burgers/parallel-burgers-03.png" class="illustration">

As you and your crush are busy not letting anyone get in front of you and take your burgers whenever they arrive, you cannot pay attention to your crush. 😞

 * good" reference implementation. In order to accomplish this, it's important to test a great
 * variety of sequences of the {@link Iterator#next}, {@link Iterator#hasNext} and {@link
 * Iterator#remove} operations. This utility takes the brute-force approach of trying <i>all</i>
 * possible sequences of these operations, up to a given number of steps. So, if the caller
 * specifies to use <i>n</i> steps, a total of <i>3^n</i> tests are actually performed.
 *