assertNull(gav, "Artifact should be null for whitespace-only groupId");
        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("should handle POM with empty elements")
        void shouldHandlePOMWithEmptyElements() throws Exception {
            String pomXml = """
                <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
                <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0">