* {@link LongMath} respectively.
 *
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 * @since 11.0
 */
@GwtCompatible
public final class BigIntegerMath {
  /**
   * Returns the smallest power of two greater than or equal to {@code x}. This is equivalent to
   * {@code BigInteger.valueOf(2).pow(log2(x, CEILING))}.
   *
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code x <= 0}
   * @since 20.0
   */

        for (int type : types) {
            // Check if it's a power of 2 (has exactly one bit set)
            assertTrue(type > 0 && (type & (type - 1)) == 0, "Resource type " + type + " should be a power of 2");
        }
    }

  /**
   * Returns the smallest power of two greater than or equal to {@code x}. This is equivalent to
   * {@code checkedPow(2, log2(x, CEILING))}.
   *
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code x <= 0}
   * @throws ArithmeticException of the next-higher power of two is not representable as a {@code
   *     long}, i.e. when {@code x > 2^62}
   * @since 20.0
   */

            // Verify each is a power of 2
            for (int cap : capabilities) {
                assertTrue(isPowerOfTwo(cap), "Capability 0x" + Integer.toHexString(cap) + " should be a power of 2");
            }

            // Verify no overlapping bits
            for (int i = 0; i < capabilities.length; i++) {

                assertTrue(value <= 0xFFFF, "Constant " + field.getName() + " value seems unusually large");
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Helper method to check if a number is a power of two
     */
    private boolean isPowerOfTwo(int n) {
        return n > 0 && (n & (n - 1)) == 0;
    }

   * is merely copied. Only as the power set is iterated are the individual subsets created, and
   * these subsets themselves occupy only a small constant amount of memory.
   *
   * @param set the set of elements to construct a power set from
   * @return the power set, as an immutable set of immutable sets

   * the least significant bit zero is chosen. (In such cases, both of the nearest representable
   * values are even integers; this method returns the one that is a multiple of a greater power of
   * two.)
   *
   * @throws ArithmeticException if {@code mode} is {@link RoundingMode#UNNECESSARY} and {@code x}
   *     is not precisely representable as a {@code double}
   * @since 30.0
   */

   * the least significant bit zero is chosen. (In such cases, both of the nearest representable
   * values are even integers; this method returns the one that is a multiple of a greater power of
   * two.)
   *
   * @throws ArithmeticException if {@code mode} is {@link RoundingMode#UNNECESSARY} and {@code x}
   *     is not precisely representable as a {@code double}
   * @since 30.0
   */

        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Verify filter flags are power of 2 for bitwise operations")
        void testFilterFlagsArePowerOfTwo() {
            // Verify each flag is a power of 2 (except FILE_NOTIFY_CHANGE_NAME which is a combination)
            assertTrue(isPowerOfTwo(FileNotifyInformation.FILE_NOTIFY_CHANGE_FILE_NAME));

            // File access constants should fit in lower 16 bits (0x0000FFFF)
            assertTrue(ACE.FILE_READ_DATA <= 0x0000FFFF, "FILE_READ_DATA should fit in lower 16 bits");
            assertTrue(ACE.FILE_WRITE_DATA <= 0x0000FFFF, "FILE_WRITE_DATA should fit in lower 16 bits");
            assertTrue(ACE.FILE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES <= 0x0000FFFF, "FILE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES should fit in lower 16 bits");