List<AvPair> pairs = AvPairs.decode(fullData);

        assertNotNull(pairs, "Decoded pairs should not be null");
        assertEquals(1, pairs.size(), "Should have decoded one pair");

        AvPair pair = pairs.get(0);
        assertEquals(AvPair.MsvAvFlags, pair.getType(), "Pair type should be MsvAvFlags");
        assertTrue(pair instanceof AvFlags, "Should be decoded as AvFlags");

     *
     * @param pairs the list of AV pairs to modify
     * @param rep the replacement AV pair
     */
    public static void replace(final List<AvPair> pairs, final AvPair rep) {
        remove(pairs, rep.getType());
        pairs.add(rep);
    }

    /**
     * Encodes a list of AV pairs into byte array format
     *
     * @param pairs the list of AV pairs to encode
     * @return encoded avpairs

        final Map<String, List<String>> paramListMap = new HashMap<>();
        final String[] pairs = queryString.split("&");
        try {
            for (final String pair : pairs) {
                final int pos = pair.indexOf('=');
                if (pos >= 0) {
                    final String key = urlCodec.decode(pair.substring(0, pos), enc);
                    List<String> list = paramListMap.get(key);

    // Identical valid surrogate pairs.
    assertEquals(
        "abc\uD8AB\uDCAB", Strings.commonPrefix("abc\uD8AB\uDCABdef", "abc\uD8AB\uDCABxyz"));
    // Differing valid surrogate pairs.
    assertEquals("abc", Strings.commonPrefix("abc\uD8AB\uDCABdef", "abc\uD8AB\uDCACxyz"));
    // One invalid pair.
    assertEquals("abc", Strings.commonPrefix("abc\uD8AB\uDCABdef", "abc\uD8AB\uD8ABxyz"));

        List<AvPair> pairs = new LinkedList<>();
        pairs.add(new AvTargetName("TARGET"));
        pairs.add(new AvTimestamp(System.currentTimeMillis()));
        pairs.add(new AvFlags(0));
        pairs.add(new AvSingleHost(new byte[48])); // Dummy single host data

        type2.setTargetInformation(AvPairs.encode(pairs));

        return type2;
    }

    /**

    Escapers.Builder builder = Escapers.builder();
    // The char values \uFFFE and \uFFFF are explicitly not allowed in XML
    // (Unicode code points above \uFFFF are represented via surrogate pairs
    // which means they are treated as pairs of safe characters).
    builder.setSafeRange(Character.MIN_VALUE, '\uFFFD');
    // Unsafe characters are replaced with the Unicode replacement character.
    builder.setUnsafeReplacement("\uFFFD");

     * soon be deprecated.
     *
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if duplicate key pairs were added
     */
    public ImmutableTable<R, C, V> build() {
      return buildOrThrow();
    }

    /**
     * Returns a newly-created immutable table, or throws an exception if duplicate key pairs were
     * added.
     *

    private final byte[] raw;

    /**
     * Constructs an AV pair with type and raw data
     * @param type the AV pair type
     * @param raw the raw data bytes
     */
    public AvPair(final int type, final byte[] raw) {
        this.type = type;
        this.raw = raw;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the AV pair type
     * @return the type
     */
    public final int getType() {

     * soon be deprecated.
     *
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if duplicate key pairs were added
     */
    public ImmutableTable<R, C, V> build() {
      return buildOrThrow();
    }

    /**
     * Returns a newly-created immutable table, or throws an exception if duplicate key pairs were
     * added.
     *

     * @return map containing the key-value pair
     */
    protected static Map<String, String> createPropItem(final String key) {
        return createItem(key, System.getProperty(key));
    }

    /**
     * Creates a key-value item map for display.
     *
     * @param label the item label
     * @param value the item value
     * @return map containing the formatted key-value pair
     */