"hadde", "hun", "nå", "over", "da", "ved", "fra", "du", "ut", "sin", "dem", "oss", "opp", "man", "kan", "hans", "hvor", "eller", "hva", "skal", "selv", "sjøl", "her", "alle", "vil", "bli", "ble", "blei", "blitt", "kunne", "inn", "når", "være", "kom", "noen", "noe", "ville", "dere", "som", "deres", "kun", "ja", "etter", "ned", "skulle", "denne", "for", "deg", "si", "sine", "sitt", "mot", "å", "meget", "hvorfor", "dette", "disse", "uten", "hvordan", "ingen", "din", "ditt", "blir", "samme", "hvilken", "hvilke",...

app = FastAPI()


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    price: float
    is_offer: Union[bool, None] = None


@app.get("/")
def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
def read_item(item_id: int, q: Union[str, None] = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
def update_item(item_id: int, item: Item):

## Optional parameters { #optional-parameters }

The same way, you can declare optional query parameters, by setting their default to `None`:

{* ../../docs_src/query_params/tutorial002_py310.py hl[7] *}

In this case, the function parameter `q` will be optional, and will be `None` by default.

/// check

app = FastAPI()


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    price: float
    is_offer: Union[bool, None] = None


@app.get("/")
def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
def read_item(item_id: int, q: Union[str, None] = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
def update_item(item_id: int, item: Item):

            "axisLabel": "",
            "axisPlacement": "auto",
            "barAlignment": 0,
            "drawStyle": "line",
            "fillOpacity": 10,
            "gradientMode": "none",
            "hideFrom": {
              "legend": false,
              "tooltip": false,
              "viz": false
            },
            "insertNulls": false,
            "lineInterpolation": "linear",

   ...

```Python
q: str | None = None
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.8+

```Python
q: Union[str, None] = None
```

////

Тепер ми загорнемо її у `Annotated`, і отримаємо:

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python
q: Annotated[str | None] = None
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.8+

```Python
q: Annotated[Union[str, None]] = None
```

////

            "axisLabel": "",
            "axisPlacement": "auto",
            "barAlignment": 0,
            "drawStyle": "line",
            "fillOpacity": 10,
            "gradientMode": "none",
            "hideFrom": {
              "legend": false,
              "tooltip": false,
              "viz": false
            },
            "insertNulls": false,
            "lineInterpolation": "linear",

  }

  /**
   * Sets the delegate of `timeout` to [Timeout.NONE] and resets its underlying timeout
   * to the default configuration. Use this to avoid unexpected sharing of timeouts between pooled
   * connections.
   */
  private fun detachTimeout(timeout: ForwardingTimeout) {
    val oldDelegate = timeout.delegate
    timeout.setDelegate(Timeout.NONE)
    oldDelegate.clearDeadline()
    oldDelegate.clearTimeout()
  }

  /** The request URL built using the request line, headers, and local host name. */
  public val url: HttpUrl,
  /** All headers. */
  public val headers: Headers,
  /** The body of this request, or null if it has none. This may be truncated. */
  public val body: ByteString?,
  /** The total size of the body of this request (before truncation).*/
  public val bodySize: Long,
  /**