return field_annotation_is_complex(get_args(annotation)[0])

    return (
        _annotation_is_complex(annotation)
        or _annotation_is_complex(origin)
        or hasattr(origin, "__pydantic_core_schema__")
        or hasattr(origin, "__get_pydantic_core_schema__")
    )


def field_annotation_is_scalar(annotation: Any) -> bool:
    # handle Ellipsis here to make tuple[int, ...] work nicely

                        if item.raw_data is not None:
                            data_str: str | None = item.raw_data
                        elif item.data is not None:
                            if hasattr(item.data, "model_dump_json"):
                                data_str = item.data.model_dump_json()
                            else:
                                data_str = json.dumps(jsonable_encoder(item.data))