// Messages should remain as provided
        assertEquals(message1, exception1.getMessage());
        assertEquals(message2, exception2.getMessage());

        // Messages should not be affected by cause
        assertFalse(exception1.getMessage().equals(exception2.getMessage()));
    }

    @Test
    public void test_longMessage() {
        // Test with very long message

        assertNotSame(exception2, exception3);
        assertNotSame(exception1, exception3);

        assertEquals("First instance", exception1.getMessage());
        assertEquals("Second instance", exception2.getMessage());
        assertEquals("Third instance", exception3.getMessage());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_specialCharactersInMessage() {
        // Test with special characters in message

        assertEquals(originalException.getMessage(), deserializedException.getMessage());
        assertNotNull(deserializedException.getCause());
        assertEquals(originalException.getCause().getMessage(), deserializedException.getCause().getMessage());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_getMessage() {
        // Test getMessage() method
        String message = "Custom SSO error message";

        assertEquals("Top level GSA error", exception.getMessage());

        // Check first level cause
        assertNotNull(exception.getCause());
        assertEquals("Intermediate problem", exception.getCause().getMessage());

        // Check second level cause
        assertNotNull(exception.getCause().getCause());
        assertEquals("Root problem", exception.getCause().getCause().getMessage());
    }

    @Test

        assertNotNull(exception);
        assertEquals(message, exception.getMessage());
        assertEquals(middleCause, exception.getCause());
        assertEquals("Middle cause", exception.getCause().getMessage());
        assertEquals(rootCause, exception.getCause().getCause());
        assertEquals("Root cause", exception.getCause().getCause().getMessage());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_serialVersionUID() {

        assertEquals("Thumbnail generation error", exception.getMessage());
        assertEquals(middleCause, exception.getCause());
        assertEquals("Processing failed", exception.getCause().getMessage());
        assertEquals(innerCause, exception.getCause().getCause());
        assertEquals("Invalid image format", exception.getCause().getCause().getMessage());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_serialization() {

        assertEquals("Top level error", exception.getMessage());
        assertEquals(intermediateCause, exception.getCause());
        assertEquals("Intermediate cause", exception.getCause().getMessage());
        assertEquals(rootCause, exception.getCause().getCause());
        assertEquals("Root cause", exception.getCause().getCause().getMessage());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_withLongMessage() {

        ThemeException exception = new ThemeException(message, cause);

        assertNotNull(exception);
        assertEquals(message, exception.getMessage());
        assertEquals(cause, exception.getCause());
        assertEquals("Config file not found", exception.getCause().getMessage());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_constructorWithNullMessage() {
        // Test constructor with null message

        LdapConfigurationException exception3 = new LdapConfigurationException("Error 3");

        assertEquals("Error 1", exception1.getMessage());
        assertEquals("Error 2", exception2.getMessage());
        assertEquals("Error 3", exception3.getMessage());

        // Ensure they are different instances
        assertNotSame(exception1, exception2);
        assertNotSame(exception2, exception3);

        assertEquals("Level 3", level3.getMessage());
        assertEquals(level2, level3.getCause());
        assertEquals("Level 2", level3.getCause().getMessage());
        assertEquals(level1, level3.getCause().getCause());
        assertEquals("Level 1", level3.getCause().getCause().getMessage());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_throwAndCatchException() {