assertNotNull(emptyUnicodeStringTrue.buffer, "Buffer should not be null for empty string with zterm");
        assertEquals(1, emptyUnicodeStringTrue.buffer.length, "Buffer length should be 1 for empty string with zterm");
        assertEquals(0, emptyUnicodeStringTrue.buffer[0], "Buffer should contain only zero for empty string with zterm");

        // Test with an empty string and zterm = false

    /**
     * Asserts that the argument is neither <code>null</code> nor an empty string.
     *
     * @param argName
     *            The name of the argument that must not be {@code null} or an empty string.
     * @param argValue
     *            The value of the argument.
     * @throws EmptyArgumentException
     *             If the argument is <code>null</code> or an empty string.
     */

     */
    @Nonnull
    Optional<String> alternatePomFile();

    /**
     * Indicates whether Maven should operate in non-recursive mode (i.e., not build child modules).
     *
     * @return an {@link Optional} containing true if non-recursive mode is enabled, false if disabled, or empty if not specified
     */
    @Nonnull

  public void testConcat() {
    assertThat(Bytes.concat()).isEqualTo(EMPTY);
    assertThat(Bytes.concat(EMPTY)).isEqualTo(EMPTY);
    assertThat(Bytes.concat(EMPTY, EMPTY, EMPTY)).isEqualTo(EMPTY);
    assertThat(Bytes.concat(ARRAY1)).isEqualTo(ARRAY1);
    assertThat(Bytes.concat(ARRAY1)).isNotSameInstanceAs(ARRAY1);
    assertThat(Bytes.concat(EMPTY, ARRAY1, EMPTY)).isEqualTo(ARRAY1);
    assertThat(Bytes.concat(ARRAY1, ARRAY1, ARRAY1))

    }

    public void test_empty() {
        // Test empty user bean creation
        FessUserBean emptyBean = FessUserBean.empty();
        assertNotNull(emptyBean);

        // Test getUserId returns EMPTY_USER_ID
        assertEquals(Constants.EMPTY_USER_ID, emptyBean.getUserId());

        // Test hasRoles always returns true for empty user
        assertTrue(emptyBean.hasRoles(new String[] { "admin" }));

    assertEquals(Object[].class, array.getClass());
  }

  public void testToArray_emptyArray() {
    E[] empty = getSubjectGenerator().createArray(0);
    E[] array = collection.toArray(empty);
    assertEquals(
        "toArray(emptyT[]) should return an array of type T", empty.getClass(), array.getClass());
    assertEquals("toArray(emptyT[]).length:", getNumElements(), array.length);
    expectArrayContentsAnyOrder(createSamplesArray(), array);
  }

  public void testConcat() {
    assertThat(Chars.concat()).isEqualTo(EMPTY);
    assertThat(Chars.concat(EMPTY)).isEqualTo(EMPTY);
    assertThat(Chars.concat(EMPTY, EMPTY, EMPTY)).isEqualTo(EMPTY);
    assertThat(Chars.concat(ARRAY1)).isEqualTo(ARRAY1);
    assertThat(Chars.concat(ARRAY1)).isNotSameInstanceAs(ARRAY1);
    assertThat(Chars.concat(EMPTY, ARRAY1, EMPTY)).isEqualTo(ARRAY1);
    assertThat(Chars.concat(ARRAY1, ARRAY1, ARRAY1))

        assertEquals(0, blob.get().length, "Internal array should be empty");
        assertEquals(0, blob.length(), "length() should be 0 for empty");
        assertEquals("", blob.toString(), "toString() of empty should be empty string");
        assertTrue(blob.equals(blob), "Object should be equal to itself");

  public void testConcat() {
    assertThat(Doubles.concat()).isEqualTo(EMPTY);
    assertThat(Doubles.concat(EMPTY)).isEqualTo(EMPTY);
    assertThat(Doubles.concat(EMPTY, EMPTY, EMPTY)).isEqualTo(EMPTY);
    assertThat(Doubles.concat(ARRAY1)).isEqualTo(ARRAY1);
    assertThat(Doubles.concat(ARRAY1)).isNotSameInstanceAs(ARRAY1);
    assertThat(Doubles.concat(EMPTY, ARRAY1, EMPTY)).isEqualTo(ARRAY1);

        // Assert deleteByQuery was called with the configured empty index
        assertTrue(deleteByQueryCalled);
        assertEquals("", deleteIndex);

        // Assert result is empty when successful
        assertEquals("", result);
    }

    public void test_execute_withEmptyFieldName() {
        // Configure empty field name
        expiresFieldName = "";